Celiac disease echocardiography and ultrasound

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Mahshid Mir, M.D. [2]

Overview

There are no echocardiography or ultrasound findings associated with celiac disease.

Echocardiography/Ultrasound

Ultrasound diagnostic parameters in celiac disease

Ultrasound diagnostic effect for celiac disease Ultrasound can be used for celiac disease diagnosis with a number of the high sensitivity and specificity parameters got developed for better diagnosis. These parameters inculde:

Increased gallbladder volume (r.v.≤ 20mL)
- It has an excellent specificity with a moderate sensitivity
Dilated small bowel loops + increased fluid content (r.v.≤ 2.5 cm)
- It has an excellent sensitivity with a moderate specificity
Thickened small bowel wall (r.v.≤ 3 mm)
- It has an excellent specificity with a moderate sensitivity
Increased peristalsis
- It has a both good sensitivity and specificity
Free abdominal fluid
- It has an excellent specificity with a low sensitivity
Enlarged mesenteric lymph nodes (r.v.≤ 5 mm)
- It has an excellent specificity with a low sensitivity

Among these parameters, the best sensitivity is seen with assessing dilated small bowel loops plus increased fluid content parameter, and the best specificity is seen with assessing enlarged mesenteric lymph nodes.^[1]

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A normal wall thickness intestinal mucosa with normal intestinal peristalsis

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A thickened small bowel with decrease in peristaltic movements

Abdominal ultrasound role in the diagnosis of the complications of celiac disease intestinal lymphoma and small bowel adeocarcinoma

Bull’s eye or target pattern
- Due to telescoping of bowel to form an inner loop
Pseudokidney sign
- A non-specific indicator of bowel disease
- Related to an eccentric and localized bowel wall thickening

Ultrasound is useful in both the cancer location determination and staging of the cancer. Furthermore, ultrasound helps with both a detailed characterization of adjacent or distant lymph nodes, and deciding on the necessity of lymph node biopsy. Ultrasound has a low sensitivity for intestinal lymphoma diagnosis and should not be considered as the first line diagnostic test.

Arterial basal and postprandial splanchnic blood flow by doppler-US

Doppler arterial ultrasound can be considered as a non-sensitive diagnostic way.

In fasting condition, there is an increase in superior mesenteric artery velocity and flow, with a lower resistance, and a higher portal vein velocity and flow.
In postprandial phase all the above mentioned parameters may show a lower variation.^[1]

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 Fraquelli M, Sciola V, Villa C, Conte D (2006). “The role of ultrasonography in patients with celiac disease”. World J. Gastroenterol. 12 (7): 1001–4. PMC 4087888. PMID 16534837.

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[pmid16534837-1] 1.0 ^1.1 Fraquelli M, Sciola V, Villa C, Conte D (2006). “The role of ultrasonography in patients with celiac disease”. World J. Gastroenterol. 12 (7): 1001–4. PMC 4087888. PMID 16534837.

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