Cerebral palsy causes

Birth asphyxia is believed to be the principal etiology for cerebral palsy. However, recent studies demonstrated that 70% to 80% of cases of cerebral palsy are due to antenatal factors, while only 10% to 28% of cases are due to birth asphyxia in term and near-term infants. Causes of cerebral palsy are often multifactorial.

Birth asphyxia is believed to be the principal etiology for cerebral palsy. However, recent studies demonstrated that 70% to 80% of cases of cerebral palsy are due to antenatal factors, while only 10% to 28% of cases are due to birth asphyxia in term and near-term infants. Causes of cerebral palsy are often multifactorial. For example, an intrauterine infection may result in growth restriction, maternal fever, and prematurity, all of which have been associated with cerebral palsy.^{[1][2][3][4][5][6]}

• Placental insufficiency
• Intrauterine infection
• Chromosomal abnormalities
• Maternal illness
  • Chorioamnionitis
  • Thyroid disease
  • Thrombotic disorders including factor V Leiden mutations
  • TORCH infections (toxoplasmosis, syphilis, rublla, cytomegalovirus, varicella zoster, HIV, herpes viruses)
• Multiple births
• Teratogen exposure
• Metabolic disorders
• Fetal brain malformation

• Thrombotic lesions
• Placental ischemia has been associated with spastic diplegia
• Chronic villitis
• Preeclampsia

• Hypoxia–ischemia
• Neonatal encephalopathy
• Periventricular leukomalacia
  • Periventricular leukomalacia increases the risk of cerebral palsy, independent of gestational age.
  • Approximately 75% of infants with cystic periventricular leukomalacia develop cerebral palsy.
• Fetal/neonatal stroke
• Hyperbilirubinemia
• Hemolytic disease
• Kernicterus

• Stroke
• Trauma
• Infection

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