Chondroma natural history

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Farima Kahe M.D. [2], Soujanya Thummathati, MBBS [3]

Overview

Chondroma is usually diagnosed incidentally. Common complications of chondroma include malignant transformation into a low grade growth disturbance, pathologic fracture, especially in short tubular bones and recurrence. Benign chondromas have a good prognosis with appropriate treatment.

Natural History

Chondroma is usually diagnosed incidentally.^[1]
Chondroma grows slowly, with a mean time of 41 months between initial diagnosis and change in lesion.

Complications

Common complications of chondroma include:^[2]^[3]^[4]^[5]
- Malignant transformation into a low grade chondrosarcoma
- Growth disturbance
- Pathologic fracture, especially in short tubular bones
- Recurrence

Prognosis

Benign chondromas have a good prognosis with aprropriate treatment.^[6]
Most patients with chondroma under treatment remain asymptomatic and the disease may rarely recur.^[7]

References

↑ Deckers C, Schreuder BH, Hannink G, de Rooy JW, van der Geest IC (December 2016). “Radiologic follow-up of untreated enchondroma and atypical cartilaginous tumors in the long bones”. J Surg Oncol. 114 (8): 987–991. doi:10.1002/jso.24465. PMID 27696436.
↑ Palaoglu S, Akkas O, Sav A (1988). “Chondroma of the cervical spine”. Clin Neurol Neurosurg. 90 (3): 253–5. PMID 3197353.
↑ Müller PE, Dürr HR, Nerlich A, Pellengahr C, Maier M, Jansson V (June 2004). “Malignant transformation of a benign enchondroma of the hand to secondary chondrosarcoma with isolated pulmonary metastasis”. Acta Chir. Belg. 104 (3): 341–4. PMID 15285552.
↑ Martin JA, Forest E, Block JA, Klingelhutz AJ, Whited B, Gitelis S, Wilkey A, Buckwalter JA (September 2002). “Malignant transformation in human chondrosarcoma cells supported by telomerase activation and tumor suppressor inactivation”. Cell Growth Differ. 13 (9): 397–407. PMID 12354749.
↑ Choi E, Wert M, Guerrieri C, Tucci J (November 2010). “A pathologic fracture of an intracortical chondroma masking as an osteoid osteoma”. Orthopedics. 33 (11): 845. doi:10.3928/01477447-20100924-24. PMID 21053879.
↑ Freilich H (June 1991). “Breast cancer screening”. Med. J. Aust. 154 (11): 781–2. PMID 1888368.
↑ Rozeman LB, Hogendoorn PC, Bovée JV (September 2002). “Diagnosis and prognosis of chondrosarcoma of bone”. Expert Rev. Mol. Diagn. 2 (5): 461–72. doi:10.1586/14737159.2.5.461. PMID 12271817.

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[pmid27696436-1] Deckers C, Schreuder BH, Hannink G, de Rooy JW, van der Geest IC (December 2016). “Radiologic follow-up of untreated enchondroma and atypical cartilaginous tumors in the long bones”. J Surg Oncol. 114 (8): 987–991. doi:10.1002/jso.24465. PMID 27696436.

[pmid3197353-2] Palaoglu S, Akkas O, Sav A (1988). “Chondroma of the cervical spine”. Clin Neurol Neurosurg. 90 (3): 253–5. PMID 3197353.

[pmid15285552-3] Müller PE, Dürr HR, Nerlich A, Pellengahr C, Maier M, Jansson V (June 2004). “Malignant transformation of a benign enchondroma of the hand to secondary chondrosarcoma with isolated pulmonary metastasis”. Acta Chir. Belg. 104 (3): 341–4. PMID 15285552.

[pmid12354749-4] Martin JA, Forest E, Block JA, Klingelhutz AJ, Whited B, Gitelis S, Wilkey A, Buckwalter JA (September 2002). “Malignant transformation in human chondrosarcoma cells supported by telomerase activation and tumor suppressor inactivation”. Cell Growth Differ. 13 (9): 397–407. PMID 12354749.

[pmid21053879-5] Choi E, Wert M, Guerrieri C, Tucci J (November 2010). “A pathologic fracture of an intracortical chondroma masking as an osteoid osteoma”. Orthopedics. 33 (11): 845. doi:10.3928/01477447-20100924-24. PMID 21053879.

[pmid1888368-6] Freilich H (June 1991). “Breast cancer screening”. Med. J. Aust. 154 (11): 781–2. PMID 1888368.

[pmid12271817-7] Rozeman LB, Hogendoorn PC, Bovée JV (September 2002). “Diagnosis and prognosis of chondrosarcoma of bone”. Expert Rev. Mol. Diagn. 2 (5): 461–72. doi:10.1586/14737159.2.5.461. PMID 12271817.

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