Surgery is not the first-line treatment option for patients with asymptomatic and benign chondroma. Surgery is usually reserved for patients with either malignant transformation and pathological fracture.

• Surgery is not the first-line treatment option for patients with asymptomatic and benign chondroma. Surgery is usually reserved for patients with either:^{[1][2][3][4][5]}
  • Malignant transformation
  • Pathological fracture

• Enchondromas of the long bones are usually asymptomatic and do not require treatment. Treatment consists of observation with serial radiographs.
• Curettage and histopathologic evaluation is usually reserved for patients with either:
  • Uncertain diagnosis
  • Lytic lesions
  • Symptomatic and borderline in size
  • Suspicious lesions For patients with pathologic fractures
• Curettage and grafting with optional internal fixation may be considered for multiple fractures, impending fracture, or painful lesions.
• Enchondroma usually does not progress or recur.

• Juxtacortical chondrosarcomas can clinically and radiologically mimic these tumors.
• Wide local excision with bone grafting is a curative procedure for patients with periosteal chondroma with or without internal fixation is performed.
• Recurrence is unlikely.

• In synovial chondroma, depending on the symptoms, removal of loose bodies is required.
• In symptomatic patients with synovial chondroma, synovectomy is helpful to control the disease.

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