
Health Dictionary
Reliable, easy-to-read patient information on common medical conditions β written in plain language, free of jargon, and grounded in current evidence. Browse the most frequent diagnoses, understand what they mean for everyday life, and learn which steps and questions help you have a focused conversation with your doctor.
Clotiapine
Introduction
Overview
Overview
Clotiapine (Entumine) is an atypical antipsychotic of the dibenzothiazepine chemical class. It was first introduced in a few European countries (namely, Belgium, Italy, Spain and Switzerland), Argentina, Taiwan and Israel in 1970.
Some sources regard clotiapine as a typical antipsychotic rather than atypical due to its high incidence of extrapyramidal side effects compared to the atypicals like clozapine and quetiapine, to which it is structurally related.Despite its profile of a relatively high incidence of extrapyramidal side effects it has demonstrated efficacy in treatment-resistant schizophrenic patients according to a number of psychiatrists with clinical experience with it, some weak clinical evidence supports this view too.
Synthesis
Synthesis
Ullmann condensation of the substituted thiosalyciclic acid with ortho-chloronitrobenzene results in the displacement of chlorine by thiophenoxide and the formation of the thioether . The nitro group in this last intermediate is then reduced to an anilineΒ ; the resulting amino acid is then cyclized thermally to the lactam . Treatment of that with phosphorus oxychloride gives the imino chloride. Reaction with N-methylpiperazine leads to the replacement of chlorine by nitrogen and the formation of clothiapine .

References
References
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
