Complex regional pain syndrome pathophysiology

Recent research has suggested that oxidative damage (e.g. by free radicals) may play a role in the pathophysiology of complex regional pain syndrome. The sympathetic nervous system may also play an important role in the pain aspect of the condition. Another theory is that CRPS is caused by a triggering of the immune response.

The pathophysiology of CRPS remains unclear. However, recent research has suggested that oxidative damage (e.g. by free radicals) associated with one of the precipitating factors described earlier may play a role.^[1]

Doctors aren’t sure what causes CRPS. In some cases, the sympathetic nervous system plays an important role in the pain. Another theory is that CRPS is caused by a triggering of the immune response, which leads to the inflammatory symptoms of redness, warmth, and swelling in the affected area.

CRPS is thought to result from damage to the nervous system, including the nerves that control the blood vessels and sweat glands.

The damaged nerves are no longer able to properly control blood flow, feeling (sensation), and temperature to the affected area. This leads to medical problems in the:

• Blood vessels
• Bones
• Muscles
• Nerves
• Skin

CRPS can strike at any age, but is more common between the ages of 40 and 60. It affects both men and women, but is more frequently seen in women. The number of reported CRPS cases among adolescents and young adults is increasing.

Investigators estimate that two to five percent of those with peripheral nerve injury and 12 to 21 percent of those with hemiplegia (paralysis of one side of the body) will suffer from CRPS.

Research has demonstrated that the administration of Vitamin C after an injury may decrease one’s susceptibility to developing CRPS.^[1]

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