Congenital heart disease risk factors
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor-In-Chief: Priyamvada Singh, MBBS [2], Assistant Editor-In-Chief: Kristin Feeney, B.S. [3]
Risk Factors
Risk Factors
Individuals at an increased risk for congenital heart disease include:
- People with a family history of congenital heart disease.
- Risk factors during pregnancy:
- Maternal rubella infection has been related to PDA, pulmonic valvular stenosis, and ASD
- Chronic maternal alcohol abuse is associated with increased risk of VSD
- Maternal lupus erythematous is associated with congenital complete heart block
- Ingestion of thalidomide
- Isotretinonin
- Lithium (tricuspid valve anomalies)
- Alcohol use of the mother
- Chemotherapeutics
- Thalidomide
- Retinoic acid
- Immunosuppressives
- Hypoxia (Lack of oxygen)
- Radiation
- Rubella
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