Conjunctivitis classification

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [3]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Sara Mehrsefat, M.D. [4]

Overview

Conjunctivitis may be classified based on the duration of symptoms into hyperacute, acute, and chronic.^[1]^[2] Additionally, conjunctivitis may be classified according to the causality of the inflammation or age groups into several subtypes: infective conjunctivitis (bacterial and viral), neonatal conjunctivitis (ophthalmia neonatorum), allergic conjunctivitis, keratoconjunctivitis sicca (dry eye syndrome), superior limbic keratoconjunctivitis, and chemical conjunctivitis.^[3]^[4]

Classification

Based on the duration of symptoms, conjunctivitis may be classified into hyperacute, acute (less than 3 weeks), and chronic (greater than 3 weeks).

According to the etiology and age groups, conjunctivitis may be classified into:^[5]^[6]^[5]^[7]^[8] ^[9]

Infective conjunctivitis
- Viral, bacterial, fungal, rickettsial, protozoal, and parasitic
Neonatal conjunctivitis (ophthalmia neonatorum)
- Bacterial, viral, and chemical
Allergic conjunctivitis
- Seasonal allergic conjunctivitis
- Perennial allergic conjunctivitis
- Vernal keratoconjunctivitis
- Atopic keratoconjunctivitis
- Giant papillary conjunctivitis
Keratoconjunctivitis sicca (dry eye syndrome)
Superior limbic keratoconjunctivitis (SLK)
Chemical or irritative conjunctivitis

References

↑ National Eye Institute (2015). [1] Accessed on June 23, 2016
↑ Blochmichel E, Helleboid L, Corvec MP (1993). “Chronic allergic conjunctivitis”. Ocul Immunol Inflamm. 1 (1–2): 9–12. doi:10.3109/09273949309086529. PMID 22827184.
↑ Alfonso SA, Fawley JD, Alexa Lu X (2015). “Conjunctivitis”. Prim Care. 42 (3): 325–45. doi:10.1016/j.pop.2015.05.001. PMID 26319341.
↑ Leonardi A, Castegnaro A, Valerio AL, Lazzarini D (2015). “Epidemiology of allergic conjunctivitis: clinical appearance and treatment patterns in a population-based study”. Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol. 15 (5): 482–8. doi:10.1097/ACI.0000000000000204. PMID 26258920.
↑ ^5.0 ^5.1 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2016). [2] Accessed on June 23, 2016 Invalid parameter “viral” in <ref> tag. The supported parameters are: dir, follow, group, name.
↑ Menon BB, Zhou X, Spurr-Michaud S, Rajaiya J, Chodosh J, Gipson IK (2016). “Epidemic Keratoconjunctivitis-Causing Adenoviruses Induce MUC16 Ectodomain Release To Infect Ocular Surface Epithelial Cells”. mSphere. 1 (1). doi:10.1128/mSphere.00112-15. PMC 4863608. PMID 27303700.
↑ Mallika P, Asok T, Faisal H, Aziz S, Tan A, Intan G (2008). “Neonatal conjunctivitis – a review”. Malays Fam Physician. 3 (2): 77–81. PMC 4170304. PMID 25606121.
↑ Li Z, Chen W, Zhang Y, Jhanji V, Fan Z, Mu G (2015). “Topical Fluorometholone Versus Diclofenac Sodium in Cases With Perennial Allergic Conjunctivitis”. Eye Contact Lens. 41 (5): 310–3. doi:10.1097/ICL.0000000000000127. PMID 26322818.
↑ Bischoff G (2014). “[Giant papillary conjunctivitis]”. Klin Monbl Augenheilkd. 231 (5): 518–21. doi:10.1055/s-0034-1368334. PMID 24799171.

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[Conjunctivitis-1] National Eye Institute (2015). [1] Accessed on June 23, 2016

[pmid22827184-2] Blochmichel E, Helleboid L, Corvec MP (1993). “Chronic allergic conjunctivitis”. Ocul Immunol Inflamm. 1 (1–2): 9–12. doi:10.3109/09273949309086529. PMID 22827184.

[pmid26319341-3] Alfonso SA, Fawley JD, Alexa Lu X (2015). “Conjunctivitis”. Prim Care. 42 (3): 325–45. doi:10.1016/j.pop.2015.05.001. PMID 26319341.

[pmid26258920-4] Leonardi A, Castegnaro A, Valerio AL, Lazzarini D (2015). “Epidemiology of allergic conjunctivitis: clinical appearance and treatment patterns in a population-based study”. Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol. 15 (5): 482–8. doi:10.1097/ACI.0000000000000204. PMID 26258920.

[Bacterial-5] 5.0 ^5.1 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2016). [2] Accessed on June 23, 2016 Invalid parameter “viral” in <ref> tag. The supported parameters are: dir, follow, group, name.

[pmid27303700-6] Menon BB, Zhou X, Spurr-Michaud S, Rajaiya J, Chodosh J, Gipson IK (2016). “Epidemic Keratoconjunctivitis-Causing Adenoviruses Induce MUC16 Ectodomain Release To Infect Ocular Surface Epithelial Cells”. mSphere. 1 (1). doi:10.1128/mSphere.00112-15. PMC 4863608. PMID 27303700.

[pmid25606121-7] Mallika P, Asok T, Faisal H, Aziz S, Tan A, Intan G (2008). “Neonatal conjunctivitis – a review”. Malays Fam Physician. 3 (2): 77–81. PMC 4170304. PMID 25606121.

[pmid26322818-8] Li Z, Chen W, Zhang Y, Jhanji V, Fan Z, Mu G (2015). “Topical Fluorometholone Versus Diclofenac Sodium in Cases With Perennial Allergic Conjunctivitis”. Eye Contact Lens. 41 (5): 310–3. doi:10.1097/ICL.0000000000000127. PMID 26322818.

[pmid24799171-9] Bischoff G (2014). “[Giant papillary conjunctivitis]”. Klin Monbl Augenheilkd. 231 (5): 518–21. doi:10.1055/s-0034-1368334. PMID 24799171.

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Conjunctivitis classification

Overview

Classification

References

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