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Cumulative incidence
Introduction
Overview
Overview
Cumulative incidence (sometimes referred to as incidence proportion) is a measure of disease frequency which counts the proportion of a candidate population that becomes diseased/develops disease over a specified period of time. Cumulative incidence measures occurrence of new cases of disease. It involves the transition from one state to another, such as non-disease to diseased state (incidence of disease) or diseased to non-diseased (incidence of cure).
Types of Cumulative Incidence Calculations
Types of Cumulative Incidence Calculations
Specific forms of cumulative incidence include:
- Crude mortality rate: number of deaths due to any cause/100,000 population during a specified time period
- Infant mortality rate: number of infant deaths due to any cause/1,000 population during a specified time period
- Morbidity rate: number of illnesses due to any cause/1,000 population during a specified time period
- Live birth rate: number of live births/1,000 population or childbearing women during a specified time period
- Case fatality rate: number of deaths due to disease X/number of people with disease X during a specified time period
- Attack rate: number of new cases of disease/number population at risk at beginning of time period during specified time period
Calculating Cumulative Incidence
Calculating Cumulative Incidence
It may also be calculated by the incidence rate multiplied by duration.
Basic equation: Cumulative Incidence = # new (incident) cases/total population at risk
Applied: CI = IRi * ti (where IRi is the incidence rate, ti is the specified time period)