Cyclosporiasis differential diagnosis

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Alejandro Lemor, M.D. [2]

Overview

Cyclospora cayentanensis must be differentiated from other diseases that cause watery diarrhea, loss of appetite and abdominal pain, such as viral gastroenteritis (adenovirus, rotavirus, norovirus), bacterial infections (bacillus cereus, clostridium perfringens, vibrio cholerae) or other protozoan infections (entamoeba histolytica, isosporiasis, cryptosporidium parvum).

Differentiating Cyclosporiasis from Other Diseases


Differential Diagnosis	Additional Findings

Adenovirus	Fever, flu-like symptoms, more common in children
Rotavirus	Most common cause of watery diarrhea in children
Norovirus	Nausea, vomiting, low grade fever, food or waterborne transmission
Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC)	“Traveler’s diarrhea”, cholera-like diarrhea, foodborne transmission, ingestion of undercooked hamburger meat
Food poisoning (S. aureus, C. perfringens, B. cereus)	Nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, toxins foodborne infection
Campylobacter jejuni	Fever, may be associated with bloody stools, ingestion of undercooked poultry
Salmonellosis	Fever, abdominal pain, may have bloody stools
Vibrio cholerae	Profuse watery diarrhea (“rice water”), vomiting, dehydration
Giardia intestinalis	foul-smelling stools, bloating, flatulence, malabsorption
Cryptosporidium spp	Nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, weight loss, associated with HIV infection^[1]
Isospora belli	Anorexia, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, weight loss, associated with HIV infection^[1]
Irritable bowel syndrome	Diarrhea and constipation, abdominal pain, no fever.
Table adapted from CDC ^[2]

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 S. V. Kulkarni, R. Kairon, S. S. Sane, P. S. Padmawar, V. A. Kale, M. R. Thakar, S. M. Mehendale & A. R. Risbud (2009). “Opportunistic parasitic infections in HIV/AIDS patients presenting with diarrhoea by the level of immunesuppression”. The Indian journal of medical research. 130 (1): 63–66. PMID 19700803. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
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Overview