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Diffuse esophageal spasm risk factors

Introduction

Overview

Overview

Common risk factors in the development of diffuse esophageal spasm include age (60-80 years), obesity, mitral valve prolapse, presence of GERD, hypertension, anxiety or depression, and drinks (eg. red wine, very hot or cold liquid or fluid).

Risk Factors

Risk Factors

Common risk factors in the development of diffuse esophageal spasm include:

  • Age (60-80 years)
  • Drinks (eg. red wine, very hot or cold liquid or fluid)[1]
References

References

  1. ↑ CREAMER B, DONOGHUE E, CODE CF (1958). “Pattern of esophageal motility in diffuse spasm”. Gastroenterology. 34 (5): 782–96. PMID 13538146.

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Madhu Sigdel M.B.B.S.[2]