Disseminated intravascular coagulation physical examination

Common physical examination findings of DIC include signs of spontaneous and life-threatening hemorrhage, signs of subacute bleeding, signs of diffuse or localized thrombosis, bleeding into serous cavities, nonspecific altered consciousness or stupor, transient focal neurologic deficits, hypotension, tachycardia, circulatory collapse, pleural friction rub, signs of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), hematemesis, hematochezia, signs of azotemia and renal failure, acidosis, hematuria, oliguria, metrorrhagia and uterine hemorrhage.

Physical examination of patients with DIC is usually remarkable for the following:^{[1][2][3][4][5]}

• Signs of spontaneous and life-threatening hemorrhage
• Signs of subacute bleeding
• Signs of diffuse or localized thrombosis
• Bleeding into serous cavities

• Nonspecific altered consciousness or stupor
• Transient focal neurologic deficits

• Hypotension
• Tachycardia
• Circulatory collapse

• Pleural friction rub
• Signs of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)

• Hematemesis
• Hematochezia

• Signs of azotemia and renal failure
• Acidosis
• Hematuria
• Oliguria
• Metrorrhagia
• Uterine hemorrhage

• Petechiae
• Jaundice (liver dysfunction or hemolysis)
• Purpura
• Hemorrhagic bullae
• Acral cyanosis
• Skin necrosis of lower limbs (purpura fulminans)
• Localized infarction and gangrene
• Wound bleeding and deep subcutaneous hematomas
• Thrombosis

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