Duchenne muscular dystrophy classification

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Fahimeh Shojaei, M.D.

Overview

There is no established system for the classification of Duchenne muscular dystrophy but according to the Functional Classification System for DMD (AFCSD), there are 5 stages of Duchenne muscular dystrophy based on the gross motor function.

Classification

There is no established system for the classification of Duchenne muscular dystrophy but according to the Functional Classification System for DMD (AFCSD), there are 5 stages of Duchenne muscular dystrophy based on the gross motor function.^[1]

Stages	Explanation
Stage 1	Walks normally without any help
Stage 2	Impaired posture (lordosis), Impaired gait (tip-toeing or waddling), still doesn’t need any assistive device and walks independently
Stage 3	Can only walk short distances with walker or crutch
Stage 4	Unable to walk but they can use powered mobility devices
Stage5	unable to walk, unable to use powered devices

References

↑ Kim, Jungyoon; Jung, Il-Young; Kim, Sang Jun; Lee, Joong-Yub; Park, Sue Kyung; Shin, Hyung-Ik; Bang, Moon Suk (2018). “A New Functional Scale and Ambulatory Functional Classification of Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy: Scale Development and Preliminary Analyses of Reliability and Validity”. Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine. 42 (5): 690–701. doi:10.5535/arm.2018.42.5.690. ISSN 2234-0645.

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[KimJung2018-1] Kim, Jungyoon; Jung, Il-Young; Kim, Sang Jun; Lee, Joong-Yub; Park, Sue Kyung; Shin, Hyung-Ik; Bang, Moon Suk (2018). “A New Functional Scale and Ambulatory Functional Classification of Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy: Scale Development and Preliminary Analyses of Reliability and Validity”. Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine. 42 (5): 690–701. doi:10.5535/arm.2018.42.5.690. ISSN 2234-0645.

[1]

Duchenne muscular dystrophy classification

Overview

Classification

References

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