Health Dictionary
Reliable, easy-to-read patient information on common medical conditions — written in plain language, free of jargon, and grounded in current evidence. Browse the most frequent diagnoses, understand what they mean for everyday life, and learn which steps and questions help you have a focused conversation with your doctor.
Eisenmenger’s syndrome physical examination
Introduction
Overview
Overview
The general examination of patients with Eisenmenger’s syndrome may show cyanosis, dermal changes, clubbing, peripheral edema, and abdominal swelling. Cardiac examination may show A wave dominant jugular venous pulse, right ventricular heave, high-pitched early diastolic murmur of pulmonary insufficiency, right-sided S4, pulmonary ejection click, single palpable S2, and loud P2.
Physical Examination
Physical Examination
The physical examination of patients with Eisenmenger’s syndrome may show the following[1][2][3]:
Appearance of the Patient
- Patients with Eisenmenger’s syndrome usually appear lethargic and cyanotic.
Vital Signs
Skin
Skin examination of patients with Eisenmenger’s syndrome usually shows:
- Plethora
- Livedo reticularis
- Profound acrocyanosis
- Urate depositions
- Ecchymosis
- Ischemic skin ulcerations
HEENT
- HEENT examination of patients with Eisenmenger’s syndrome is usually normal.
Neck
Lungs
- Pulmonary examination of patients with Eisenmenger’s syndrome is usually normal.
Heart
- Jugular venous pulse wave may be A wave dominant
- Precordial palpation reveals a right ventricular heave
- High-pitched early diastolic murmur of pulmonary insufficiency
- Right-sided S4
- Pulmonary ejection click
- Single palpable S2
- Loud P2
Abdomen
- Hepatomegaly
- Jaundice
- Right upper abdominal quadrant tenderness
Back
- Back examination of patients with Eisenmenger’s syndrome is usually normal.
Genitourinary
- Genitourinary examination of patients with Eisenmenger’s syndrome is usually normal.
Neuromuscular
- Neuromuscular examination of patients with Eisenmenger’s syndrome is usually normal.
Extremities
References
References
- ↑ Kaemmerer H, Mebus S, Schulze-Neick I, Eicken A, Trindade PT, Hager A; et al. (2010). “The adult patient with eisenmenger syndrome: a medical update after dana point part I: epidemiology, clinical aspects and diagnostic options”. Curr Cardiol Rev. 6 (4): 343–55. doi:10.2174/157340310793566154. PMC 3083816. PMID 22043211.
- ↑ Iveta S (2009). “Eisenmenger syndrome–a unique form of pulmonary arterial hypertension”. Bratisl Lek Listy. 110 (12): 757–64. PMID 20196469.
- ↑ Vongpatanasin W, Brickner ME, Hillis LD, Lange RA (1998). “The Eisenmenger syndrome in adults”. Ann Intern Med. 128 (9): 745–55. doi:10.7326/0003-4819-128-9-199805010-00008. PMID 9556469.
- ↑ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eisenmenger%27s_syndrome#/media/File:ClubbingFingers1.jpg/
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Abdelrahman Ibrahim Abushouk, MD[2]