Esophageal stricture historical perspective

The first intervention for esophageal stricture was done in the 17th century by halebone. The first bougienage was performed in 1801. In 1868, esophagoscope was developed for the first time. In 1877, first surgical resection for esophageal carcinoma was performed by Vincenz Czerny. The first stent was introduced in 1990.

There have been no outbreaks of esophageal stricture.

• Esophageal dialtion was first done in the 17 century by a curved whalebone.^[1]
• In 1801, the first bougienage was performed by Alexis Boyer.^[1]

• In 1868, esophagoscope was developed by Adolf Kussmaul to diagnose esophageal cancer as a one of the most causes of esophageal stricture.^[2]
• In 1877, first resection of the cervical esophagus for carcinoma was performed by Vincenz Czerny.^[2]
• In 1913, the first subtotal thoracic esophagectomy was performed by Franz Torek.^[2]
• In 1913, the first esophagectomy with an intrathoracic esophagogastric anastomosis was performed by Tohru Ohsawa.^[2]
• In 1966, steroid injection added to endoscopic dilation to prevent stricture recurrence.^[3]
• In 1990, the first self expandable metal stent was introduced.^[4]

• The following are a few famous cases of esophageal stricture due to esophageal carcinoma:
  • Humphrey DeForest Bogart
  • Christopher Eric Hitchens
  • Ron Silver
  • Richard Dawson
  • Jean Hagen
  • Sylvia Maria Kristel 

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