Inborn errors of lipid metabolism

Numerous genetic disorders are caused by errors in fatty acid metabolism. These disorders may be described as fatty oxidation disorders or as a lipid storage disorders, and are any one of several inborn errors of metabolism that result from enzyme defects affecting the ability of the body to oxidize fatty acids in order to produce energy within muscles, liver, and other cell types.

Some of the more common fatty acid metabolism disorders are:

• Very long-chain acyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase deficiency (VLCAD) – Very long-chain acyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase
• Long-chain 3-hydroxyacyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase deficiency (LCHAD) – Long-chain 3-hydroxyacyl-coenzyme A
• Medium-chain acyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase deficiency (MCAD) – Medium-chain acyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase
• Short-chain acyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase deficiency (SCAD) – Short-chain acyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase
• 3-hydroxyacyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase deficiency (HADH) – 3-hydroxyacyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase

• 2,4 Dienoyl-CoA reductase deficiency – 2,4 Dienoyl-CoA reductase
• 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA lyase deficiency – 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA lyase
• Malonyl-CoA decarboxylase deficiency – Malonyl-CoA decarboxylase

• Primary carnitine deficiency – SLC22A5 (carnitine transporter)
• Carnitine-acylcarnitine translocase deficiency – Carnitine-acylcarnitine translocase
• Carnitine palmitoyltransferase I deficiency (CPT) – Carnitine palmitoyltransferase I
• Carnitine palmitoyltransferase II deficiency (CPT) – Carnitine palmitoyltransferase II

• Acid lipase diseases
  • Wolman disease
  • Cholesteryl ester storage disease
• Gaucher disease
• Niemann-Pick disease
• Fabry disease
• Farber’s disease
• Gangliosidoses
• Krabbé disease
• Metachromatic leukodystrophy

• Mitochondrial trifunctional protein deficiency
• Electron transfer flavoprotein (ETF) dehydrogenase deficiency (GAII & MADD)
• Tangier disease
• Acute fatty liver of pregnancy

• Fatty acid synthase
• Essential fatty acid
• Fatty acid metabolism
• Orthomolecular medicine

Template:Lipidemias Template:Lipid storage disorders

Template:Jb1

Template:WikiDoc Sources