Glomerulosclerosis

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Glomerulosclerosis refers to a hardening of the glomerulus in the kidney. In causes fibrosis and scarring of the renal glomeruli involving a part of or the entire glomerulus; can be limited to a small area or can be diffused throughout the entire kidney; caused by diabetic nephropathy, chronic glomerular nephritis, nephrotic syndrome, or renal hypertension.

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

The cause of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis is usually unknown.

Known causes include:

• Heroin use
• HIV
• Inherited genetic problems
• Obesity
• Reflux nephropathy (a condition in which urine flows backward from the bladder to the kidney)
• Sickle cell disease

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

• The condition affects both children and adults.
• Men and boys are affected slightly more often than women and girls, and it also occurs more often in African Americans.
• Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis causes about 20 – 25% of all cases of nephrotic syndrome.

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

• Chronic kidney failure
• End-stage kidney disease
• Infection
• Malnutrition
• Nephrotic syndrome

More than half of those with focal or segmental glomerulosclerosis develop chronic kidney failure within 10 years.

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