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Health Dictionary

Reliable, easy-to-read patient information on common medical conditions — written in plain language, free of jargon, and grounded in current evidence. Browse the most frequent diagnoses, understand what they mean for everyday life, and learn which steps and questions help you have a focused conversation with your doctor.

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Garden classification

Introduction

Hip fracture
Overview[1][2][3]

Overview[1][2][3]

The “hip” joint is known as a ball-and-socket joint. It allows the femur bone to bend and rotate at the pelvis. Comparing to the injuries to the knee, ankle, and shoulder which are well documented, injuries to the hip, pelvis, and thigh get little attentions due to their lower prevalence. A hip fracture is a known as a fracture of the upper quarter of the femur bone while any other types of injuries to the socket, or acetabulum, itself is not considered a “hip fracture.” Management of fractures to the socket is a completely different consideration. The hip fracture count as a serious problems associated with serious and life-threatening complications. Hip fractures most commonly occur due to the:

Fall to the side of the hip A direct blow to the side of the hip Other medical conditions such as osteoporosis, cancer, or stress injuries affecting the strength. During fracture the most common site of fracture are:

The head of the femur The neck of the femur Between or below the greater trochanter and the lesser trochanters

Garden Classification

Garden Classification

Garden Classification
Type I undisplaced incomplete, including valgus impacted fractures
  • medial group of femoral neck trabeculae may demonstrate a greenstick fracture
Type II undisplaced complete
  • no disturbance of the medial trabeculae
Type III complete fracture, incompletely displaced
  • femoral head tilts into a varus position causing its medial trabeculae to be out of line with the pelvic trabeculae
Type IV complete fracture, completely displaced
  • femoral head aligned normally in the acetabulum and its medial trabeculae are in line with the pelvic trabeculae
Diagram demonstrating the various named proximal femoral fractures.
    Related Chapters

    Template:Fractures

    Template:WikiDoc Sources

    References

    References

    1. ↑ Collin PG, D’Antoni AV, Loukas M, Oskouian RJ, Tubbs RS (January 2017). “Hip fractures in the elderly-: A Clinical Anatomy Review”. Clin Anat. 30 (1): 89–97. doi:10.1002/ca.22779. PMID 27576301.
    2. ↑ Rocos B, Whitehouse MR, Kelly MB (May 2017). “Resuscitation in hip fractures: a systematic review”. BMJ Open. 7 (4): e015906. doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2017-015906. PMC 5623376. PMID 28473523.
    3. ↑ Bhandari M, Swiontkowski M (November 2017). “Management of Acute Hip Fracture”. N. Engl. J. Med. 377 (21): 2053–2062. doi:10.1056/NEJMcp1611090. PMID 29166235.

    Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Mohammadmain Rezazadehsaatlou[2].