Gastric dumping syndrome history and symptoms

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Umar Ahmad, M.D.[2]

Overview

The history of dumping syndrome has to do with surgeries or diseases that alter the motility or capacity of the stomach. The most common history of dumping syndrome is a bariatric surgery history. The most common symptoms of dumping syndrome are diarrhea, fainting, syncope, unconsciousness, desire to lay down or sit down, breathlessness, dyspnea, weakness, exhaustion, sleepiness, drowsiness, apathy, falling asleep, palpitation, restlessness, dizziness and shock.

History

The common surgical, medical and social history findings associated with dumping syndrome include:^[1]^[2]^[3]^[4]

Surgical history

The following surgical procedures are associated with an increased risk of developing dumping syndrome:

Gastrectomy (partial and total)
Esophagectomy
Billroth I gastroduodenostomy
Billroth II gastrojejunostomy
Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery
Antiulcer surgery (vagotomy)
Antireflux surgery (Nissen fundoplication, especially in pediatric patients)
Cholecystectomy
Pyloromyotomy
Esophageal repair of esophageal atresia
Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG)

Medical History

Patients suffering from the following diseases are more prone to develop dumping syndrome:

Social History

The following post-surgical diet is associated with dumping syndrome:

High carbohydrate (sugar) intake

Symptoms

Symptoms of dumping syndrome include diarrhea, fainting, palpitations, fatigue, bloating as well as many others. The symptoms can be subdivided as follows:^[5]^[6]^[7]

**Symptom classification by Early Dumping or Late Dumping**
Early dumping		Late dumping
Abdominal	Vasomotor/Systemic	Tremor Hunger Perspiration Difficulty concentrating Decreased consciousness
Nausea Diarrhea Vomiting Bloating Borborygmi Epigastric fullness	Pallor Fatigue Flushing Syncope Headache Diaphoresis Palpitations Lightheadedness Desire to lie down

**Symptom classification by Sigstad’s Score**
Most common	Less common	Least common
Shock Fainting Syncope Unconsciousness Desire to lay down or sit down Breathlessness Dyspnea Weakness Exhaustion Sleepiness Drowsiness Apathy Falling asleep Palpitation Restlessness Dizziness	Headaches Feeling of warmth Sweating Pallor Clammy skin Nausea Abdominal fullness Meteorism Borborygmus	Eructation Vomiting

References

↑ Tack J (2007). “Gastric motor disorders”. Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol. 21 (4): 633–44. doi:10.1016/j.bpg.2007.04.001. PMID 17643905.
↑ MacGregor I, Parent J, Meyer JH (1977). “Gastric emptying of liquid meals and pancreatic and biliary secretion after subtotal gastrectomy or truncal vagotomy and pyloroplasty in man”. Gastroenterology. 72 (2): 195–205. PMID 830568.
↑ Mayer EA, Thompson JB, Jehn D, Reedy T, Elashoff J, Meyer JH (1982). “Gastric emptying and sieving of solid food and pancreatic and biliary secretion after solid meals in patients with truncal vagotomy and antrectomy”. Gastroenterology. 83 (1 Pt 2): 184–92. PMID 6919504.
↑ Vecht J, Masclee AA, Lamers CB (1997). “The dumping syndrome. Current insights into pathophysiology, diagnosis and treatment”. Scand. J. Gastroenterol. Suppl. 223: 21–7. PMID 9200302.
↑ “Phase II Study Evaluating Efficacy, Safety and Pharmacokinetics of Pasireotide in Patients With Dumping Syndrome – Full Text View – ClinicalTrials.gov”.
↑ Sigstad H (1970). “A clinical diagnostic index in the diagnosis of the dumping syndrome. Changes in plasma volume and blood sugar after a test meal”. Acta Med Scand. 188 (6): 479–86. PMID 5507449.
↑ Mine S, Sano T, Tsutsumi K, Murakami Y, Ehara K, Saka M, Hara K, Fukagawa T, Udagawa H, Katai H (2010). “Large-scale investigation into dumping syndrome after gastrectomy for gastric cancer”. J. Am. Coll. Surg. 211 (5): 628–36. doi:10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2010.07.003. PMID 20829078.

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[pmid17643905-1] Tack J (2007). “Gastric motor disorders”. Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol. 21 (4): 633–44. doi:10.1016/j.bpg.2007.04.001. PMID 17643905.

[pmid830568-2] MacGregor I, Parent J, Meyer JH (1977). “Gastric emptying of liquid meals and pancreatic and biliary secretion after subtotal gastrectomy or truncal vagotomy and pyloroplasty in man”. Gastroenterology. 72 (2): 195–205. PMID 830568.

[pmid6919504-3] Mayer EA, Thompson JB, Jehn D, Reedy T, Elashoff J, Meyer JH (1982). “Gastric emptying and sieving of solid food and pancreatic and biliary secretion after solid meals in patients with truncal vagotomy and antrectomy”. Gastroenterology. 83 (1 Pt 2): 184–92. PMID 6919504.

[pmid9200302-4] Vecht J, Masclee AA, Lamers CB (1997). “The dumping syndrome. Current insights into pathophysiology, diagnosis and treatment”. Scand. J. Gastroenterol. Suppl. 223: 21–7. PMID 9200302.

[urlPhase_II_Study_Evaluating_Efficacy,_Safety_and_Pharmacokinetics_of_Pasireotide_in_Patients_With_Dumping_Syndrome_-_Full_Text_View_-_ClinicalTrials.gov-5] “Phase II Study Evaluating Efficacy, Safety and Pharmacokinetics of Pasireotide in Patients With Dumping Syndrome – Full Text View – ClinicalTrials.gov”.

[pmid5507449-6] Sigstad H (1970). “A clinical diagnostic index in the diagnosis of the dumping syndrome. Changes in plasma volume and blood sugar after a test meal”. Acta Med Scand. 188 (6): 479–86. PMID 5507449.

[pmid20829078-7] Mine S, Sano T, Tsutsumi K, Murakami Y, Ehara K, Saka M, Hara K, Fukagawa T, Udagawa H, Katai H (2010). “Large-scale investigation into dumping syndrome after gastrectomy for gastric cancer”. J. Am. Coll. Surg. 211 (5): 628–36. doi:10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2010.07.003. PMID 20829078.

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