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Health Dictionary

Reliable, easy-to-read patient information on common medical conditions — written in plain language, free of jargon, and grounded in current evidence. Browse the most frequent diagnoses, understand what they mean for everyday life, and learn which steps and questions help you have a focused conversation with your doctor.

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Heart transplantation causes

Introduction

Overview

Overview

The need for cardiac transplantation may result from advanced, irreversible heart failure with a severely limited life expectancy. Common causes include- Systolic Heart Failure with a Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction less than 35%, Ischemic Coronary Artery Disease with Refractory Angina, Intractable life-threatening Arrhythmias, Cardiomyopathies, and congenital Heart Disease.

Causes

Causes

Life-threatening Causes

  • All the causes listed below are life-threatening as they lead to irreversible heart failure with very low ejection fraction and may cause sudden cardiac death if not optimized.

Common Causes

Common causes and indications that result in the need for cardiac transplantation may include:[1] [2] [3]

  • Systolic Heart Failure with a Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction less than 35%
  • Ischemic Coronary Artery Disease with Refractory Angina
  • Intractable life-threatening Arrhythmias
    • Ventricular arrhythmias which are not controlled by an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator
  • Cardiomyopathies
    • Restrictive and Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathies with NYHA Class IV heart failure symptoms
    • Non-dilated cardiomyopathies
  • Congenital Heart Disease
    • New York Heart Association functional class IV Heart Failure not amenable to surgery.
References

References

  1. ↑ Mehra MR, Canter CE, Hannan MM, Semigran MJ, Uber PA, Baran DA; et al. (2016). “The 2016 International Society for Heart Lung Transplantation listing criteria for heart transplantation: A 10-year update”. J Heart Lung Transplant. 35 (1): 1–23. doi:10.1016/j.healun.2015.10.023. PMID 26776864.
  2. ↑ Alraies MC, Eckman P (2014). “Adult heart transplant: indications and outcomes”. J Thorac Dis. 6 (8): 1120–8. doi:10.3978/j.issn.2072-1439.2014.06.44. PMC 4133547. PMID 25132979.
  3. ↑ Lund LH, Khush KK, Cherikh WS, Goldfarb S, Kucheryavaya AY, Levvey BJ; et al. (2017). “The Registry of the International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation: Thirty-fourth Adult Heart Transplantation Report-2017; Focus Theme: Allograft ischemic time”. J Heart Lung Transplant. 36 (10): 1037–1046. doi:10.1016/j.healun.2017.07.019. PMID 28779893.

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Ifrah Fatima, M.B.B.S[2]