According to the American Urological Association (AUA) guidelines, the prevalence of hematuria ranging from 2100 to 31400 per 100,000 individuals. Asymptomatic hematuria is common in clinical practice, with a prevalence ranging from 0.18% to 38.7%.^[1] Transient microscopic hematuria may occur in 6% to 39% of the population studied, but persistent microscopic hematuria in 3 or more consecutive urinalyses occurs less often, and is seen in 0.5% to 2% of the population under study. In the prevalence of underlying urinary tract disease, there is no clear difference between patients with transient microscopic hematuria and those with persistent microscopic hematuria.^[2]

According to the American Urological Association (AUA) guidelines, the prevalence of hematuria ranging from 2100 to 31400 per 100,000 individuals.^[3]

• Microscopic hematuria is quite common, with a prevalence of approximately 6.5% of adults, varying according to the characteristics of the population.^[4] The prevalence of microscopic hematuria ranges from 1-20% depending on the population studied and also varies with on age, gender, frequency of testing, threshold used to define MH and presence of risk factors such as smoking.^[4]

Young patients are more likely to have intrinsic renal pathology (i.e. glomerulonephritis whereas malignancy is more common in the elderly).^[5]

Malignancy of the bladder and kidney is at least twice as common in males than in females. Women are more commonly affected by urinary tract infections.