Health Dictionary
Reliable, easy-to-read patient information on common medical conditions — written in plain language, free of jargon, and grounded in current evidence. Browse the most frequent diagnoses, understand what they mean for everyday life, and learn which steps and questions help you have a focused conversation with your doctor.
Hepatorenal syndrome physical examination
Introduction
Overview
Overview
Hepatorenal syndrome (HRS) does not have specific clinical findings.However patient has reflect the underlying advanced liver disease, renal impairment, and circulatory abnormalities present.
Physical Examination
Physical Examination
Patients with type 1 HRS have worse clinical picture than patients with type 2 HRS..[1][2][3]
Constitutional disturbances:
Skin
Abdomen
- Abdominal distension
- Shifting dullness:
- Dull sound in the belly area when tapped with the tips of the fingers – indicates presence of fluid
- Hepatomegaly
- Stigmata of portal hypertension (gastroesophageal varices, caput medusa, hepatic encephalopathy)
- Gynaecomastia
- Spider naevi
Genitals
- Small testicles
- Oliguria
Extremities
Neurologic
- Abnormal reflexes
- Confusion on neurologic testing
Cariovascular:
- Hyperdynamic circulation
- Reduced systemic vascular resistance
- Low mean arterial pressure
- Low jugular venous pressure
- Tachycardia
- Bounding pulse
- Wide pulse pressure
References
References
- ↑ Heemann U, Füeßl HS, Renders L (2015). “[The hepatorenal syndrome]”. Dtsch Med Wochenschr. 140 (20): 1520–3. doi:10.1055/s-0041-105807. PMID 26445256.
- ↑ Pandey CK, Karna ST, Singh A, Pandey VK, Tandon M, Saluja V (2014). “Hepatorenal syndrome: a decade later”. J Assoc Physicians India. 62 (8): 696–702. PMID 25856938.
- ↑ Hrabovský V, Mendlová A, Vavříčková T (2015). “[Hepatorenal syndrome – pathophysiology, diagnosis and treatment]”. Vnitr Lek. 61 (7–8): 649–54. PMID 26375691.
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Sunny Kumar MD [2]