• Poor maintenance: Cutting the nail too short, rounded off at the tip or peeled off at the edges (versus being cut straight across), is likely to cause ingrowth.
• Ill-fitting shoes: Those that are too narrow or too short, can cause bunching of the toes in the developmental stages of the foot (frequently in people under 21), causing the nail to curl and dig into the skin.
• Trauma to the nail plate or toe, such as stubbing the toenail, dropping things on the toe and ‘going through the end of your shoes’ in sports, can cause the flesh to become injured and the nail to grow irregularly and press into the flesh.
• Predisposition, like abnormally shaped nail beds, nail deformities caused by diseases, and a genetic susceptibility to nail problems can mean a tendency for ingrowth.

Efinaconazole, Tavaborole