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Iodine pentafluoride
Introduction
Iodine pentafluoride, IF5, is a fluoride of iodine. It is a colourless or yellow liquid with a density of 3250 kg m−3. It was first synthesized by Henri Moissan in 1891 by burning solid iodine in fluorine gas.[2] This exothermic reaction is still used to produce iodine pentafluoride, although the reaction conditions have been improved.[3][4]
I2 + 5 F2 → 2 IF5
Chemistry
Chemistry
Iodine pentafluoride is a strong fluorination agent and is highly oxidative. It reacts vigorously with water forming hydrofluoric acid.
Primary amines react with iodine pentafluoride forming nitriles after hydrolysis with water.[5]
R-CH2-NH2 → R-CN
References
References
- ↑ R. D. Durbank, G. R. Jones (1974). “Crystal structure of iodine pentafluoride at -80.deg”. Inorganic Chemistry. 13 (5): 421–439. doi:10.1021/ic50135a012.
- ↑ M. H. Moissan (1891). “Nouvelles Recherches sur le Fluor”. Annales de chimie et de physique. 6: 224–282.
- ↑ Otto Ruff , Keim R. (1930). ““Das Jod-7-fluorid” (The iodine-7-fluoride)”. Zeitschrift für Anorganische un Allgemeine Chemie. 193 (1/2): 176–186. doi:10.1002/zaac.19301930117.
- ↑ Ruff O., Keim R. (1931). “Fluorierung von Verbindungen des Kohlenstoffs (Benzol und Tetrachlormethan mit Jod-5-fluorid, sowie Tetrachlormethan mit Fluor)”. Zeitschrift für Anorganische un Allgemeine Chemie. 201 (1): 245–258. doi:10.1002/zaac.19312010122.
- ↑ T. E. Stevens (1966). “Rearrangement of Amides with Iodine Pentafluoride”. Journal of Organic Chemistry. 31 (6): 2025–2026. doi:10.1021/jo01344a539.
- R. C. Lord, M. A. Lynch, W. C. Schumb, and E. J. Slowinski (1950). “The Vibrational Spectra and Structures of Iodine Pentafluoride and Heptafluoride”. Journal of the American Chemical Society. 72 (1): 522–527. doi:10.1021/ja01157a135.
- Max T. Rogers, John L. Speirs, H. Bradford Thompson, and Morton B. Panish (1954). “Iodine Pentafluoride, Freezing and Boiling Point, Heat of Vaporization and Vapor Pressure-Temperature Relations”. Journal of the American Chemical Society. 76 (19): 4843–4844. doi:10.1021/ja01648a022.
- Max T. Rogers, H. Bradford Thompson, and John L. Speirs (1954). “Dielectric Constants of Liquid Chlorine Trifluoride and Iodine Pentafluoride”. Journal of the American Chemical Society. 76 (19): 4843–4844.
- Harold Simmons Booth, John Turner Pinkston, , Jr. (1947). “The Halogen Fluorides”. Chemical Reviews. 41 (3): 421–439. doi:10.1021/cr60130a001.