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Isoprostane

Introduction


The isoprostanes are prostaglandin-like compounds formed in vivo from the free radical-catalyzed peroxidation of essential fatty acids (primarily arachidonic acid) without the direct action of cyclooxygenase (COX) enzyme. [1][2] These nonclassical eicosanoids possess potent biological activity as inflammatory mediators that augment the perception of pain.[3] These compounds are accurate markers of lipid peroxidation in both animal and human models of oxidative stress.

Abundance

Abundance

“ Polyunsaturated fatty acids other than arachidonic acid are also vulnerable to reactive oxygen species and produce isoprostanes.

For example, in addition to the four classes of F2-isoprostanes that can arise from arachidonic acid, peroxidation of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) is predicted to lead to the generation of six classes of F3 isoprostanes, Îą-linolenic and Îł-linolenic acids to two classes of E1- and F1-isoprostanes, and docosahexaenoic acid to eight classes of D4-isoprostanes and eight classes of E4-isoprostanes. Each of the classes comprise up to eight racemic isomers, leading to an astounding number of isoprostane molecules!

”

—LJ Janssen[4]

References

References

  1. ↑ COX activity produces H2O2 which may non-enzymatically produce isoprostanes.
  2. ↑ Morrow JD, Roberts LJ (1996). “The isoprostanes. Current knowledge and directions for future research”. Biochem. Pharmacol. 51 (1): 1–9. PMID 8534261. |access-date= requires |url= (help)
  3. ↑ Evans AR, Junger H, Southall MD; et al. (2000). “Isoprostanes, novel eicosanoids that produce nociception and sensitize rat sensory neurons”. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 293 (3): 912–20. PMID 10869392.
  4. ↑ Janssen LJ (2001). “Isoprostanes: an overview and putative roles in pulmonary pathophysiology”. Am. J. Physiol. Lung Cell Mol. Physiol. 280 (6): L1067–82. PMID 11350785. Retrieved 2007-11-02.

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