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Reliable, easy-to-read patient information on common medical conditions — written in plain language, free of jargon, and grounded in current evidence. Browse the most frequent diagnoses, understand what they mean for everyday life, and learn which steps and questions help you have a focused conversation with your doctor.

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KLRA1

Introduction

Ly-49 receptors or killer cell lectin-like receptor subfamily A (KLRA), are a class of natural killer cell receptor.[1][2] Ly-49 proteins are a diverse set of C-type lectins that are expressed on NK cells in some mammals, including rodents but not humans. Their primary function is to bind host MHC class I as a mechanism of self/health recognition. Upon binding ligands, most Ly-49 receptors will deliver an inhibitory signal, preventing killing of the target cell. In the case of cancer or virally infected cells, MHC-I will often be downregulated in order to limit cytotoxic T cell mediated killing of the cell, whereby NK cells will lack Ly-49 inhibitory signal and be able to kill infected or cancerous target cells.

The homologous human KLRAP1 gene has been classified as a transcribed pseudogene because all associated transcripts are candidates for nonsense-mediated decay (NMD).[3][4]

References

References

  1. ↑ Nylenna O, Naper C, Vaage JT, Woon PY, Gauguier D, Dissen E, Ryan JC, Fossum S (January 2005). “The genes and gene organization of the Ly49 region of the rat natural killer cell gene complex”. Eur. J. Immunol. 35 (1): 261–72. doi:10.1002/eji.200425429. PMID 15593300.
  2. ↑ Gays F, Aust JG, Reid DM, Falconer J, Toyama-Sorimachi N, Taylor PR, Brooks CG (November 2006). “Ly49B is expressed on multiple subpopulations of myeloid cells”. J. Immunol. 177 (9): 5840–51. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.177.9.5840. PMID 17056508.
  3. ↑ Barten R, Trowsdale J (July 1999). “The human Ly-49L gene”. Immunogenetics. 49 (7–8): 731–4. doi:10.1007/s002510050675. PMID 10369937.
  4. ↑ Hao L, Klein J, Nei M (February 2006). “Heterogeneous but conserved natural killer receptor gene complexes in four major orders of mammals”. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 103 (9): 3192–7. doi:10.1073/pnas.0511280103. PMC 1413923. PMID 16492762.
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