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KLRC4
Introduction
NKG2-F type II integral membrane protein is a protein that in humans is encoded by the KLRC4 gene.[1][2]
Natural killer (NK) cells are lymphocytes that can mediate lysis of certain tumor cells and virus-infected cells without previous activation. They can also regulate specific humoral and cell-mediated immunity. NK cells preferentially express several calcium-dependent (C-type) lectins, which have been implicated in the regulation of NK cell function. KLRC4 is a member of the NKG2 group which are expressed primarily in natural killer (NK) cells and encodes a family of transmembrane proteins characterized by a type II membrane orientation (extracellular C terminus) and the presence of a C-type lectin domain. The NKG2 gene family is located within the NK complex, a region that contains several C-type lectin genes preferentially expressed on NK cells. The 3′ end of the KLRC4 transcript includes the first non-coding exon found at the 5′ end of the adjacent D12S2489E gene transcript.[2]
References
References
- ↑ Plougastel B, Trowsdale J (Aug 1998). “Sequence analysis of a 62-kb region overlapping the human KLRC cluster of genes”. Genomics. 49 (2): 193–9. doi:10.1006/geno.1997.5197. PMID 9598306.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 “Entrez Gene: KLRC4 killer cell lectin-like receptor subfamily C, member 4”.
Further reading
Further reading
- Vivier E, Tomasello E, Paul P (2002). “Lymphocyte activation via NKG2D: towards a new paradigm in immune recognition?”. Curr. Opin. Immunol. 14 (3): 306–11. doi:10.1016/S0952-7915(02)00337-0. PMID 11973127.
- Houchins JP, Yabe T, McSherry C, Bach FH (1991). “DNA sequence analysis of NKG2, a family of related cDNA clones encoding type II integral membrane proteins on human natural killer cells”. J. Exp. Med. 173 (4): 1017–20. doi:10.1084/jem.173.4.1017. PMC 2190798. PMID 2007850.
- Yabe T, McSherry C, Bach FH, et al. (1993). “A multigene family on human chromosome 12 encodes natural killer-cell lectins”. Immunogenetics. 37 (6): 455–60. doi:10.1007/BF00222470. PMID 8436421.
- Plougastel B, Trowsdale J (1998). “Cloning of NKG2-F, a new member of the NKG2 family of human natural killer cell receptor genes”. Eur. J. Immunol. 27 (11): 2835–9. doi:10.1002/eji.1830271114. PMID 9394807.
- Glienke J, Sobanov Y, Brostjan C, et al. (1998). “The genomic organization of NKG2C, E, F, and D receptor genes in the human natural killer gene complex”. Immunogenetics. 48 (3): 163–73. doi:10.1007/s002510050420. PMID 9683661.
- Bauer S, Groh V, Wu J, et al. (1999). “Activation of NK cells and T cells by NKG2D, a receptor for stress-inducible MICA”. Science. 285 (5428): 727–9. doi:10.1126/science.285.5428.727. PMID 10426993.
- Wu J, Song Y, Bakker AB, et al. (1999). “An activating immunoreceptor complex formed by NKG2D and DAP10”. Science. 285 (5428): 730–2. doi:10.1126/science.285.5428.730. PMID 10426994.
- Li P, Morris DL, Willcox BE, et al. (2001). “Complex structure of the activating immunoreceptor NKG2D and its MHC class I-like ligand MICA”. Nat. Immunol. 2 (5): 443–51. doi:10.1038/87757. PMID 11323699.
- O’Callaghan CA, Cerwenka A, Willcox BE, et al. (2001). “Molecular competition for NKG2D: H60 and RAE1 compete unequally for NKG2D with dominance of H60”. Immunity. 15 (2): 201–11. doi:10.1016/S1074-7613(01)00187-X. PMID 11520456.
- Girardi M, Oppenheim DE, Steele CR, et al. (2001). “Regulation of cutaneous malignancy by gammadelta T cells”. Science. 294 (5542): 605–9. doi:10.1126/science.1063916. PMID 11567106.
- Shum BP, Flodin LR, Muir DG, et al. (2002). “Conservation and variation in human and common chimpanzee CD94 and NKG2 genes”. J. Immunol. 168 (1): 240–52. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.168.1.240. PMID 11751968.
- Radaev S, Rostro B, Brooks AG, et al. (2002). “Conformational plasticity revealed by the cocrystal structure of NKG2D and its class I MHC-like ligand ULBP3”. Immunity. 15 (6): 1039–49. doi:10.1016/S1074-7613(01)00241-2. PMID 11754823.
- Sutherland CL, Chalupny NJ, Schooley K, et al. (2002). “UL16-binding proteins, novel MHC class I-related proteins, bind to NKG2D and activate multiple signaling pathways in primary NK cells”. J. Immunol. 168 (2): 671–9. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.168.2.671. PMID 11777960.
- Holmes MA, Li P, Petersdorf EW, Strong RK (2002). “Structural studies of allelic diversity of the MHC class I homolog MIC-B, a stress-inducible ligand for the activating immunoreceptor NKG2D”. J. Immunol. 169 (3): 1395–400. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.169.3.1395. PMID 12133964.
- Gilfillan S, Ho EL, Cella M, et al. (2002). “NKG2D recruits two distinct adapters to trigger NK cell activation and costimulation”. Nat. Immunol. 3 (12): 1150–5. doi:10.1038/ni857. PMID 12426564.
- Diefenbach A, Tomasello E, Lucas M, et al. (2002). “Selective associations with signaling proteins determine stimulatory versus costimulatory activity of NKG2D”. Nat. Immunol. 3 (12): 1142–9. doi:10.1038/ni858. PMID 12426565.
- Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2003). “Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences”. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932.
- McFarland BJ, Kortemme T, Yu SF, et al. (2004). “Symmetry recognizing asymmetry: analysis of the interactions between the C-type lectin-like immunoreceptor NKG2D and MHC class I-like ligands”. Structure. 11 (4): 411–22. doi:10.1016/S0969-2126(03)00047-9. PMID 12679019.