Health Dictionary
Reliable, easy-to-read patient information on common medical conditions — written in plain language, free of jargon, and grounded in current evidence. Browse the most frequent diagnoses, understand what they mean for everyday life, and learn which steps and questions help you have a focused conversation with your doctor.
LOXL4
Introduction
Lysyl oxidase homolog 4 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the LOXL4 gene.[1][2]
This gene encodes a member of the lysyl oxidase gene family. The prototypic member of the family is essential to the biogenesis of connective tissue, encoding an extracellular copper-dependent amine oxidase that catalyses the first step in the formation of crosslinks in collagens and elastin. A highly conserved amino acid sequence at the C-terminus end appears to be sufficient for amine oxidase activity, suggesting that each family member may retain this function. The N-terminus is poorly conserved and may impart additional roles in developmental regulation, senescence, tumor suppression, cell growth control, and chemotaxis to each member of the family.[2]
References
References
- ↑ Ito H, Akiyama H, Iguchi H, Iyama K, Miyamoto M, Ohsawa K, Nakamura T (Jun 2001). “Molecular cloning and biological activity of a novel lysyl oxidase-related gene expressed in cartilage”. J Biol Chem. 276 (26): 24023–9. doi:10.1074/jbc.M100861200. PMID 11292829.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 “Entrez Gene: LOXL4 lysyl oxidase-like 4”.
Further reading
Further reading
- Molnar J, Fong KS, He QP, et al. (2003). “Structural and functional diversity of lysyl oxidase and the LOX-like proteins”. Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 1647 (1–2): 220–4. doi:10.1016/s1570-9639(03)00053-0. PMID 12686136.
- Asuncion L, Fogelgren B, Fong KS, et al. (2002). “A novel human lysyl oxidase-like gene (LOXL4) on chromosome 10q24 has an altered scavenger receptor cysteine rich domain”. Matrix Biol. 20 (7): 487–91. doi:10.1016/S0945-053X(01)00161-5. PMID 11691588.
- Mäki JM, Tikkanen H, Kivirikko KI (2002). “Cloning and characterization of a fifth human lysyl oxidase isoenzyme: the third member of the lysyl oxidase-related subfamily with four scavenger receptor cysteine-rich domains”. Matrix Biol. 20 (7): 493–6. doi:10.1016/S0945-053X(01)00157-3. PMID 11691589.
- Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2003). “Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences”. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932.
- Holtmeier C, Görögh T, Beier U, et al. (2003). “Overexpression of a novel lysyl oxidase-like gene in human head and neck squamous cell carcinomas”. Anticancer Res. 23 (3B): 2585–91. PMID 12894545.
- Kim MS, Kim SS, Jung ST, et al. (2004). “Expression and purification of enzymatically active forms of the human lysyl oxidase-like protein 4”. J. Biol. Chem. 278 (52): 52071–4. doi:10.1074/jbc.M308856200. PMID 14551188.
- Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, et al. (2004). “Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs”. Nat. Genet. 36 (1): 40–5. doi:10.1038/ng1285. PMID 14702039.
- Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, et al. (2004). “The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)”. Genome Res. 14 (10B): 2121–7. doi:10.1101/gr.2596504. PMC 528928. PMID 15489334.
- Rual JF, Venkatesan K, Hao T, et al. (2005). “Towards a proteome-scale map of the human protein-protein interaction network”. Nature. 437 (7062): 1173–8. doi:10.1038/nature04209. PMID 16189514.
- Olsen JV, Blagoev B, Gnad F, et al. (2006). “Global, in vivo, and site-specific phosphorylation dynamics in signaling networks”. Cell. 127 (3): 635–48. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2006.09.026. PMID 17081983.
- Shieh TM, Lin SC, Liu CJ, et al. (2007). “Association of expression aberrances and genetic polymorphisms of lysyl oxidase with areca-associated oral tumorigenesis”. Clin. Cancer Res. 13 (15 Pt 1): 4378–85. doi:10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-06-2685. PMID 17671119.