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MALT lymphoma staging
Introduction
Overview
Overview
The staging of MALT lymphoma is based on two staging systems: Ann Arbor staging system and the TNM staging system.[1]
Staging
Staging
The staging of MALT lymphoma is based on two staging systems: Ann Arbor staging system and the TNM staging system.[1]
Ann Arbor Staging System
The Ann Arbor staging system has been modified for gastric MALT lymphoma.[1]
| Stage | Description |
|---|---|
|
Stage I |
Tumor is confined to the stomach without spread to the lymph nodes |
|
Stage II |
Tumor extends into the abdomen and has spread to the lymph nodes
|
|
Stage IIE |
Tumor penetrates the serosa to spread to adjacent organs or tissues |
|
Stage IV |
Disseminated spread to extranodal sites or spread to the lymph nodes above the diaphragm (supradiaphragmatic nodal involvement) |
TNM Staging System
The TNM staging system for stomach cancer has also been applied to gastric MALT lymphoma. TNM stands for tumor, nodes, and metastasis.[1]
| TNM Classification | Definition | |
|---|---|---|
| Primary Tumor (T) | ||
| T1 | The lymphoma is confined to the mucosa or submucosa
| |
| T2 | Lymphoma invades the muscularis propria | |
| T3 | Lymphoma penetrates the subserosa | |
| T4 | Lymphoma has grown through the serosa or invades organs near the stomach | |
| T1a | Tumor invades subepithelial connective tissue, but has no lymphovascular invasion | |
| T1b | Tumor invades subepithelial connective tissue and has spread to the lymphatic channels or blood vessels | |
| T2 | Tumor invades the erectile tissue (corpus spongiosum or cavernosum) | |
| Regional Lymph Nodes (N) | ||
| N0 | No cancer in regional lymph nodes | |
| N1-3 | There is cancer in the regional lymph nodes | |
| Distant Metastasis (M) | ||
| M0 | No distant metastasis | |
| M1 | Distant metastasis | |
References
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Staging MALT lymphoma of the stomach. Canadian Cancer Society 2016. http://www.cancer.ca/en/cancer-information/cancer-type/non-hodgkin-lymphoma/non-hodgkin-lymphoma/types-of-nhl/malt-lymphoma/?region=on. Accessed on January 25, 2016
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Sujit Routray, M.D. [2], Ahmed Younes M.B.B.CH [3]