Chest x-ray may be helpful in the diagnosis of myeloproliferative neoplasm and can reveal pleural effusions, pneumonia, and pulmonary edema.

There is no formal role for chest X-ray in the evaluation of myeloproliferative neoplasm. However, chest X-ray can be useful in some cases. Findings on chest X-ray suggestive of myeloproliferative neoplasm include: ^[1]

• Pleural effusion: Pleural effusions are commonly seen in patients receiving BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase inhibitors for chronic myeloid leukemia.
• Pneumonia: Pneumonia is commonly seen in patients who have neutropenic fever, which can develop from myelofibrosis or other myeloproliferative neoplasms.
• Pulmonary edema: This can develop if patients receive excess blood transfusions. Volume overload can result in alveolar edema and impaired oxygen exchange. Chest X-ray is useful in evaluating for pulmonary overload.

Findings on chest x-ray suggestive of chronic myelogenous leukemia include enlarged mediastinal lymph nodes, enlarged thymus gland, and pneumonia.^[1]