Norovirus infection physical examination

Physical examination of patients with norovirus infection may be remarkable for low-grade fever, tachycardia, abdominal tenderness, and signs of dehydration (reduced skin turgor, sunken fontanelles, sunken eyes, dry mucous membranes). In severe cases of dehydration, physical examination may be remarkable for hypotension and abnormal orthostatic vital signs.

Physical examination of patients with norovirus infection is often remarkable for the following findings:^[1][2]

• Sick-looking
• Crying children

• Fever (usually low-grade)
• Tachycardia
• Tachypnea
• Orthostatic hypotension may be present in severe dehydration

• Reduced skin turgor
• Skin pallor
• Slow capillary refill

• Sunken fontanelles in infants
• Sunken eyes
• Absent tears
• Dry mucous membranes

• Abdominal tenderness (usually diffuse)

• Altered mental status may be present in severe dehydration, especially among elderly or pediatric patients

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