Health Dictionary
Reliable, easy-to-read patient information on common medical conditions — written in plain language, free of jargon, and grounded in current evidence. Browse the most frequent diagnoses, understand what they mean for everyday life, and learn which steps and questions help you have a focused conversation with your doctor.
Nutcracker syndrome
Introduction
Synonyms and keywords: nutcracker phenomenon; renal vein entrapment syndrome; mesoaortic compression of the left renal vein
Overview
Overview
The nutcracker syndrome is a compression of the left renal vein between the abdominal aorta (AA) and superior mesenteric artery (SMA).[1]
References
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Historical Perspective
Overview
Historical Perspective
The initial clinical reporting of nutcracker syndrome was made in 1950 by El-Sadr and Mina.[1] The credit for the term nutcracker has typically been given to de Schepper in 1972, but it was actually first used by Chait et al in 1971.[1] The first pathological description of the disease occurred in 1937 by Grant, an anatomist.[1]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Kurklinsky AK, Rooke TW (2010). “Nutcracker phenomenon and nutcracker syndrome”. Mayo Clinic Proceedings. Mayo Clinic. 85 (6): 552–9. doi:10.4065/mcp.2009.0586. PMC 2878259. PMID 20511485. Retrieved 2012-09-11. Unknown parameter
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Pathophysiology
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References
Differentiating Nutcracker syndrome from other Diseases
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References
Epidemiology and Demographics
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References
Natural History, Complications and Prognosis
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References
Diagnosis
Diagnosis
History and Symptoms | Physical Examination | Laboratory Findings | CT | Echocardiography or Ultrasound | Other Diagnostic Studies
Treatment
Treatment
Medical Therapy | Surgery | Primary Prevention | Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy | Future or Investigational Therapies
External Links
External Links
- Article on nutcracker phenomenon at the New England Journal of Medicine website.
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]