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PPP2R5A
Introduction
Serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 56 kDa regulatory subunit alpha isoform is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PPP2R5A gene.[1]
Function
Function
The product of this gene belongs to the phosphatase 2A regulatory subunit B family. Protein phosphatase 2A is one of the four major Ser/Thr phosphatases, and it is implicated in the negative control of cell growth and division. It consists of a common heteromeric core enzyme, which is composed of a catalytic subunit and a constant regulatory subunit, that associates with a variety of regulatory subunits. The B regulatory subunit might modulate substrate selectivity and catalytic activity. This gene encodes an alpha isoform of the regulatory subunit B56 subfamily.[2]
References
References
- β McCright B, Virshup DM (Nov 1995). “Identification of a new family of protein phosphatase 2A regulatory subunits”. The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 270 (44): 26123β8. doi:10.1074/jbc.270.44.26123. PMIDΒ 7592815.
- β “Entrez Gene: PPP2R5A protein phosphatase 2, regulatory subunit B’, alpha isoform”.
- β Yamamoto H, Hinoi T, Michiue T, Fukui A, Usui H, Janssens V, Van Hoof C, Goris J, Asashima M, Kikuchi A (Jul 2001). “Inhibition of the Wnt signaling pathway by the PR61 subunit of protein phosphatase 2A”. The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 276 (29): 26875β82. doi:10.1074/jbc.M100443200. PMIDΒ 11297546.
- β Baroja ML, Vijayakrishnan L, Bettelli E, Darlington PJ, Chau TA, Ling V, Collins M, Carreno BM, Madrenas J, Kuchroo VK (May 2002). “Inhibition of CTLA-4 function by the regulatory subunit of serine/threonine phosphatase 2A”. Journal of Immunology. 168 (10): 5070β8. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.168.10.5070. PMIDΒ 11994459.
- β 5.0 5.1 5.2 Goudreault M, D’Ambrosio LM, Kean MJ, Mullin MJ, Larsen BG, Sanchez A, Chaudhry S, Chen GI, Sicheri F, Nesvizhskii AI, Aebersold R, Raught B, Gingras AC (Jan 2009). “A PP2A phosphatase high density interaction network identifies a novel striatin-interacting phosphatase and kinase complex linked to the cerebral cavernous malformation 3 (CCM3) protein”. Molecular & Cellular Proteomics. 8 (1): 157β71. doi:10.1074/mcp.M800266-MCP200. PMCΒ 2621004. PMIDΒ 18782753.
- β 6.0 6.1 McCright B, Rivers AM, Audlin S, Virshup DM (Sep 1996). “The B56 family of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) regulatory subunits encodes differentiation-induced phosphoproteins that target PP2A to both nucleus and cytoplasm”. The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 271 (36): 22081β9. doi:10.1074/jbc.271.36.22081. PMIDΒ 8703017.
- β 7.0 7.1 Zhou J, Pham HT, Ruediger R, Walter G (Jan 2003). “Characterization of the Aalpha and Abeta subunit isoforms of protein phosphatase 2A: differences in expression, subunit interaction, and evolution”. The Biochemical Journal. 369 (Pt 2): 387β98. doi:10.1042/BJ20021244. PMCΒ 1223084. PMIDΒ 12370081.
- β 8.0 8.1 Strack S, Ruediger R, Walter G, Dagda RK, Barwacz CA, Cribbs JT (Jun 2002). “Protein phosphatase 2A holoenzyme assembly: identification of contacts between B-family regulatory and scaffolding A subunits”. The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 277 (23): 20750β5. doi:10.1074/jbc.M202992200. PMIDΒ 11929880.
Further reading
Further reading
- Andersen JL, Planelles V (Jan 2005). “The role of Vpr in HIV-1 pathogenesis”. Current HIV Research. 3 (1): 43β51. doi:10.2174/1570162052772988. PMIDΒ 15638722.
- Le Rouzic E, Benichou S (2006). “The Vpr protein from HIV-1: distinct roles along the viral life cycle”. Retrovirology. 2: 11. doi:10.1186/1742-4690-2-11. PMCΒ 554975. PMIDΒ 15725353.
- Zhao RY, Elder RT (Mar 2005). “Viral infections and cell cycle G2/M regulation”. Cell Research. 15 (3): 143β9. doi:10.1038/sj.cr.7290279. PMIDΒ 15780175.
- Zhao RY, Bukrinsky M, Elder RT (Apr 2005). “HIV-1 viral protein R (Vpr) & host cellular responses”. The Indian Journal of Medical Research. 121 (4): 270β86. PMIDΒ 15817944.
- Zolnierowicz S, Van Hoof C, AndjelkoviΔ N, Cron P, Stevens I, Merlevede W, Goris J, Hemmings BA (Jul 1996). “The variable subunit associated with protein phosphatase 2A0 defines a novel multimember family of regulatory subunits”. The Biochemical Journal. 317 (1): 187β94. doi:10.1042/bj3170187. PMCΒ 1217462. PMIDΒ 8694763.
- Fuhrer DK, Yang YC (Jul 1996). “Complex formation of JAK2 with PP2A, P13K, and Yes in response to the hematopoietic cytokine interleukin-11”. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. 224 (2): 289β96. doi:10.1006/bbrc.1996.1023. PMIDΒ 8702385.
- McCright B, Rivers AM, Audlin S, Virshup DM (Sep 1996). “The B56 family of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) regulatory subunits encodes differentiation-induced phosphoproteins that target PP2A to both nucleus and cytoplasm”. The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 271 (36): 22081β9. doi:10.1074/jbc.271.36.22081. PMIDΒ 8703017.
- McCright B, Brothman AR, Virshup DM (Aug 1996). “Assignment of human protein phosphatase 2A regulatory subunit genes b56alpha, b56beta, b56gamma, b56delta, and b56epsilon (PPP2R5A-PPP2R5E), highly expressed in muscle and brain, to chromosome regions 1q41, 11q12, 3p21, 6p21.1, and 7p11.2 –> p12”. Genomics. 36 (1): 168β70. doi:10.1006/geno.1996.0438. PMIDΒ 8812429.
- Bonaldo MF, Lennon G, Soares MB (Sep 1996). “Normalization and subtraction: two approaches to facilitate gene discovery”. Genome Research. 6 (9): 791β806. doi:10.1101/gr.6.9.791. PMIDΒ 8889548.
- Tung HY, De Rocquigny H, Zhao LJ, Cayla X, Roques BP, Ozon R (Jan 1997). “Direct activation of protein phosphatase-2A0 by HIV-1 encoded protein complex NCp7:vpr”. FEBS Letters. 401 (2β3): 197β201. doi:10.1016/S0014-5793(96)01470-6. PMIDΒ 9013886.
- Ruediger R, Brewis N, Ohst K, Walter G (Nov 1997). “Increasing the ratio of PP2A core enzyme to holoenzyme inhibits Tat-stimulated HIV-1 transcription and virus production”. Virology. 238 (2): 432β43. doi:10.1006/viro.1997.8873. PMIDΒ 9400615.
- Ruediger R, Fields K, Walter G (Jan 1999). “Binding specificity of protein phosphatase 2A core enzyme for regulatory B subunits and T antigens”. Journal of Virology. 73 (1): 839β42. PMCΒ 103900. PMIDΒ 9847399.
- Seeling JM, Miller JR, Gil R, Moon RT, White R, Virshup DM (Mar 1999). “Regulation of beta-catenin signaling by the B56 subunit of protein phosphatase 2A”. Science. 283 (5410): 2089β91. doi:10.1126/science.283.5410.2089. PMIDΒ 10092233.
- Xu Z, Williams BR (Jul 2000). “The B56alpha regulatory subunit of protein phosphatase 2A is a target for regulation by double-stranded RNA-dependent protein kinase PKR”. Molecular and Cellular Biology. 20 (14): 5285β99. doi:10.1128/MCB.20.14.5285-5299.2000. PMCΒ 85978. PMIDΒ 10866685.
- Fleming I, Fisslthaler B, Dimmeler S, Kemp BE, Busse R (Jun 2001). “Phosphorylation of Thr(495) regulates Ca(2+)/calmodulin-dependent endothelial nitric oxide synthase activity”. Circulation Research. 88 (11): E68β75. doi:10.1161/hh1101.092677. PMIDΒ 11397791.
- Elder RT, Yu M, Chen M, Zhu X, Yanagida M, Zhao Y (Sep 2001). “HIV-1 Vpr induces cell cycle G2 arrest in fission yeast (Schizosaccharomyces pombe) through a pathway involving regulatory and catalytic subunits of PP2A and acting on both Wee1 and Cdc25”. Virology. 287 (2): 359β70. doi:10.1006/viro.2001.1007. PMIDΒ 11531413.
- Galea MA, Eleftheriou A, Henderson BR (Dec 2001). “ARM domain-dependent nuclear import of adenomatous polyposis coli protein is stimulated by the B56 alpha subunit of protein phosphatase 2A”. The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 276 (49): 45833β9. doi:10.1074/jbc.M107149200. PMIDΒ 11585828.
- Li X, Virshup DM (Jan 2002). “Two conserved domains in regulatory B subunits mediate binding to the A subunit of protein phosphatase 2A”. European Journal of Biochemistry / FEBS. 269 (2): 546β52. doi:10.1046/j.0014-2956.2001.02680.x. PMIDΒ 11856313.