Pancoast tumor primary prevention

Pancoast tumor is a subtype of lung cancer localized to the lung apex. Effective measures for the primary prevention of lung cancer include smoking cessation and avoidance of second-hand smoking. Lifestyle changes, such as a healthy diet rich with fruits and vegetables and regular exercise, might decrease the risk of developing cancer in general.

• Pancoast tumor is a subtype of lung cancer localized to the lung apex.
• Effective measures for the primary prevention of lung cancer include:^{[1][2][3][4][5][6][7]}
  • Smoking cessation
  • Passive smoking
• Prevention is the most cost-effective means of fighting lung cancer.
• In most countries industrial and domestic carcinogens have been identified and banned, tobacco smoking is still widespread.
• Eliminating tobacco smoking is a primary goal in the prevention of lung cancer, and smoking cessation is an important preventative tool in this process.
• Policy interventions to decrease passive smoking in public areas such as restaurants and workplaces have become more common in many Western countries.
• California has taken a lead in banning smoking in public establishments in 1998.
• Ireland played a similar role in Europe in 2004, followed by Italy and Norway in 2005, Scotland as well as several others in 2006, and England in 2007.
• New Zealand has also banned smoking in public places as of 2004.
• The state of Bhutan has had a complete smoking ban since 2005.
• In many countries, pressure groups are campaigning for similar bans. Arguments cited against such bans are criminalization of smoking, increased risk of smuggling and the risk that such a ban cannot be enforced.

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