Paraphimosis (patient information)

Paraphimosis occurs when the foreskin of an uncircumcised male cannot be pulled back over the head of the penis.

The foreskin is pulled back (retracted) behind the rounded tip of the penis (glans) and stays there. The retracted foreskin and glans become swollen. This makes it difficult to return the foreskin to its extended position.

Symptoms include:

• Inability to pull the retracted foreskin over the head of the penis
• Painful swelling at the end of the penis
• Pain in the penis

Causes of paraphimosis include:

• Direct trauma to the area
• Failure to return the foreskin to its normal location after urination or washing (most common in hospitals and nursing homes)
• Infection, which may be due to poor personal hygiene
• Uncircumcised males, and those who may not have been correctly or completely circumcised, are at risk.

Paraphimosis occurs most often in children and the elderly.

Go to your local emergency room if this occurs.

A physical examination confirms the diagnosis. The health care provider will usually find a “doughnut” around the shaft near the head of the penis (glans).

Pressing on (compression of) the head of the penis while pushing the foreskin forward may reduce the swelling due to paraphimosis. If this fails, prompt surgical circumcision will be needed.

Directions to Hospitals Treating Paraphimosis

The outcome is likely to be excellent if the condition is diagnosed and treated quickly.

If paraphimosis is left untreated, it can disrupt blood flow to the tip of the penis. In extreme (and rare) cases, this may lead to:

• Damage to the penis tip
• Gangrene
• Loss of the penis tip

Circumcision, when done correctly, prevents this condition.

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