Partial anomalous pulmonary venous connection history and symptoms

In general, children with partial anomalous pulmonary venous connection (PAPVC) are asymptomatic. Symptoms usually do not arise until adulthood following prolonged volume overload of the right ventricle.

• Palpitations are usually due to supraventricular arrhythmias which in turn are likely due to right atrial dilation.
• Dyspnea may develop in adults as a result of right ventricular volume overload and ensuing cor pulmonale. It has been said that dyspnea may occur earlier in children if over 50% of the pulmonary veins drain anomalously.
• Hemoptysis may reflect the development of pulmonary hypertension and is rare.
• Pedal edema can occur as a result of right ventricular failure or cor pulmonale.

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