Examination of the child’s head at regular intervals using a louse comb allows the diagnosis of louse infestation at an early stage.

Early diagnosis makes treatment easier and reduces the possibility of infesting others. In times and areas when louse infestations are common, weekly examinations of children, especially those 4–15 yrs old, carried out by their parents will aid control. Additional examinations are necessary if the child came in contact with infested individuals, if the child frequently scratches his/her head, or if nits suddenly appear on the child’s hair. Keeping long hair tidy could be helpful in the prevention of infestations with head lice.

Clothes, towels, bedding, combs and brushes, which came in contact with the infested individual, can be disinfected either by leaving them outside for at least 2 weeks or by washing them at 60°C(140 degrees F) for 30 minutes.^[1] This is because adult lice can survive only one to two days without a blood meal, and are highly dependent on human body warmth.^[2] An insecticidal treatment of the house and furniture is not necessary.