Pneumobilia

Pneumobilia is air in the biliary tree. It is most commonly seen in patients following surgery in which a biliary-enteric anastomosis has been created or a sphincterotomy (sphincter of Oddi) has been performed. Nonsurgical causes of pneumobilia are uncommon and are usually indicative of serious disease. Possible nonsurgical causes of pneumobilia include infection, neoplasm, biliary-enteric fistula, emphysematous cholecystitis and incompetence of the sphincter of Oddi.

On imaging, air in the biliary tree is seen. Air is usually central in the liver (as opposed to portal venous gas which is peripheral).

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  Pneumobilia

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