Portal vein thrombosis other imaging findings

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Farima Kahe M.D. [2]

Overview

Contrast enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS) may be helpful in the diagnosis of portal vein thrombosis. Findings on CEUS suggestive of portal vein thrombosis include pulsatile flow in a portal vein thrombus, absence of enhancement of the portal vein thrombus in the arterial phase, and differentiate between benign and malignant portal vein thrombosis.

Other Imaging Findings

Endoscopic Ultrasound (US)

Endoscopic US may be helpful in the diagnosis of portal vein thrombosis. Findings on an endoscopic US suggestive of portal vein thrombosis include:^[1]^[2]^[3]
- Detecting small and non-occluding thrombi
- Discovering portal invasion by tumors

MR angiography

MR angiography may be helpful in the diagnosis of portal vein thrombosis. Findings on MR angiography suggestive of portal vein thrombosis include:^[4]
- Flow direction in the portal venous system and its patency
- Identify a cavernomatous transformation
- Presence of varices
- Correct function of surgical shunts

Contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS)

Contrast-enhanced ultrasound may be helpful in the diagnosis of portal vein thrombosis. Findings on CEUS suggestive of portal vein thrombosis include:^[5]^[6]
- Pulsatile flow in a portal vein thrombus
- Absence of enhancement of the portal vein thrombus in the arterial phase
- Differentiate between benign and malignant portal vein thrombosis

Endoscopic US showing portal vein thrombosis source:S. Rajesh et al, Hindawi

References

↑ Zhang WW, Churchill S, Churchill P (1989). “Developmental regulation of D-beta-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase in rat liver and brain”. FEBS Lett. 256 (1–2): 71–4. PMID 2806552.
↑ Lai L, Brugge WR (2004). “Endoscopic ultrasound is a sensitive and specific test to diagnose portal venous system thrombosis (PVST)”. Am. J. Gastroenterol. 99 (1): 40–4. PMID 14687139.
↑ Hekster RE, Matricali B, Luyendijk W (1974). “Presurgical transfemoral catheter embolization to reduce operative blood loss. Technical note”. J. Neurosurg. 41 (3): 396–8. doi:10.3171/jns.1974.41.3.0396. PMID 4415192.
↑ Chawla, Y.; Duseja, A.; Dhiman, R. K. (2009). “Review article: the modern management of portal vein thrombosis”. Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics. 30 (9): 881–894. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2036.2009.04116.x. ISSN 0269-2813.
↑ Ueno, Norio; Kawamura, Harunobu; Takahashi, Hirokazu; Fujisawa, Nobutaka; Yoneda, Masato; Kirikoshi, Hiroyuki; Sakaguchi, Takashi; Saito, Satoru; Togo, Shinji (2006). “Characterization of Portal Vein Thrombus With the Use of Contrast-Enhanced Sonography”. Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine. 25 (9): 1147–1152. doi:10.7863/jum.2006.25.9.1147. ISSN 0278-4297.
↑ Rajesh, S.; Mukund, Amar; Arora, Ankur (2015). “Imaging Diagnosis of Splanchnic Venous Thrombosis”. Gastroenterology Research and Practice. 2015: 1–29. doi:10.1155/2015/101029. ISSN 1687-6121.

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[pmid2806552-1] Zhang WW, Churchill S, Churchill P (1989). “Developmental regulation of D-beta-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase in rat liver and brain”. FEBS Lett. 256 (1–2): 71–4. PMID 2806552.

[pmid14687139-2] Lai L, Brugge WR (2004). “Endoscopic ultrasound is a sensitive and specific test to diagnose portal venous system thrombosis (PVST)”. Am. J. Gastroenterol. 99 (1): 40–4. PMID 14687139.

[pmid4415192-3] Hekster RE, Matricali B, Luyendijk W (1974). “Presurgical transfemoral catheter embolization to reduce operative blood loss. Technical note”. J. Neurosurg. 41 (3): 396–8. doi:10.3171/jns.1974.41.3.0396. PMID 4415192.

[ChawlaDuseja2009-4] Chawla, Y.; Duseja, A.; Dhiman, R. K. (2009). “Review article: the modern management of portal vein thrombosis”. Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics. 30 (9): 881–894. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2036.2009.04116.x. ISSN 0269-2813.

[UenoKawamura2006-5] Ueno, Norio; Kawamura, Harunobu; Takahashi, Hirokazu; Fujisawa, Nobutaka; Yoneda, Masato; Kirikoshi, Hiroyuki; Sakaguchi, Takashi; Saito, Satoru; Togo, Shinji (2006). “Characterization of Portal Vein Thrombus With the Use of Contrast-Enhanced Sonography”. Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine. 25 (9): 1147–1152. doi:10.7863/jum.2006.25.9.1147. ISSN 0278-4297.

[RajeshMukund2015-6] Rajesh, S.; Mukund, Amar; Arora, Ankur (2015). “Imaging Diagnosis of Splanchnic Venous Thrombosis”. Gastroenterology Research and Practice. 2015: 1–29. doi:10.1155/2015/101029. ISSN 1687-6121.

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