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Pulseless electrical activity epidemiology and demographics

Introduction

Overview

Overview

Over the last three decades, the incidence of PEA has increased in parallel to a decrease in the incidence of VF and VT.[1] There is a slight female preponderance of PEA. In addition, PEA is associated with increased age and black race.[2][3]

Epidemiology and Demographics

Epidemiology and Demographics

  • The incidence of SCA ranges between 300,000 to 370,000 cases per year, 50% of which are due to PEA.[1][4]
  • PEA accounts for approximately 20% of out-hospital cardiac arrests and for a third of the in-hospital cardiac arrests.[5] PEA is responsible for 10% of in-hospital deaths.[6]
  • The decrease in the prevalence of VF and VT has been accompanied by a parallel relative increase in the incidence of PEA among patients with SCA.[1] In fact, following adequate management of VF and VT, the prevalence of VT/VF has dropped by 20% while the prevalence of PEA increased by 11% between 1979 and 2000.[7]
  • There is a slight female preponderance of PEA. In addition, PEA is associated with increased age and black race.[2][3]
References

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Myerburg RJ, Halperin H, Egan DA, Boineau R, Chugh SS, Gillis AM; et al. (2013). “Pulseless electric activity: definition, causes, mechanisms, management, and research priorities for the next decade: report from a national heart, lung, and blood institute workshop”. Circulation. 128 (23): 2532–41. doi:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.113.004490. PMID 24297818.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Becker LB, Han BH, Meyer PM, Wright FA, Rhodes KV, Smith DW; et al. (1993). “Racial differences in the incidence of cardiac arrest and subsequent survival. The CPR Chicago Project”. N Engl J Med. 329 (9): 600–6. doi:10.1056/NEJM199308263290902. PMID 8341333.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Chu K, Swor R, Jackson R, Domeier R, Sadler E, Basse E; et al. (1998). “Race and survival after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in a suburban community”. Ann Emerg Med. 31 (4): 478–82. PMID 9546017.
  4. ↑ Teodorescu C, Reinier K, Uy-Evanado A, Ayala J, Mariani R, Wittwer L, Gunson K, Jui J, Chugh SS (September 2012). “Survival advantage from ventricular fibrillation and pulseless electrical activity in women compared to men: the Oregon Sudden Unexpected Death Study”. J Interv Card Electrophysiol. 34 (3): 219–25. doi:10.1007/s10840-012-9669-2. PMC 3627722. PMID 22406930.
  5. ↑ Nadkarni VM, Larkin GL, Peberdy MA, Carey SM, Kaye W, Mancini ME, Nichol G, Lane-Truitt T, Potts J, Ornato JP, Berg RA (2006). “First documented rhythm and clinical outcome from in-hospital cardiac arrest among children and adults”. JAMA : the Journal of the American Medical Association. 295 (1): 50–7. doi:10.1001/jama.295.1.50. PMID 16391216. Retrieved 2012-09-16. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  6. ↑ Raizes G, Wagner GS, Hackel DB (1977). “Instantaneous nonarrhythmic cardiac death in acute myocardial infarction”. The American Journal of Cardiology. 39 (1): 1–6. PMID 831417. Retrieved 2012-09-16. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  7. ↑ Teodorescu C, Reinier K, Dervan C, Uy-Evanado A, Samara M, Mariani R; et al. (2010). “Factors associated with pulseless electric activity versus ventricular fibrillation: the Oregon sudden unexpected death study”. Circulation. 122 (21): 2116–22. doi:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.110.966333. PMID 21060069.

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Karol Gema Hernandez, M.D. [2]