Pyridoxine deficiency
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief:
Overview
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief:
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Overview
The classic clinical syndrome for Pyridoxine deficiency (or B6 deficiency) is a seborrheic dermatitis-like eruption, atrophic glossitis with ulceration, angular cheilitis, conjunctivitis, intertrigo, and neurologic symptoms of somnolence, confusion, and neuropathy.[1] Vitamin B6 is a co-factor for glutamic acid decarboxylase, an enzyme that converts Glutamate to GABA. Therefore, the concurrent increase in the excitatory neurotransmitter, Glutamate, and decrease in inhibitory neurotransmitter, GABA, resultant from B6 deficiency, may manifest itself in the form of seizures.
Historical Perspective
Classification
Pathophysiology
Causes
Differentiating Pyridoxine deficiency from Other Diseases
Epidemiology and Demographics
Risk Factors
Screening
Natural History, Complications, and Prognosis
Diagnosis
Diagnostic Criteria
History and Symptoms
Physical Examination
Laboratory Findings
Imaging Findings
Other Diagnostic Studies
Treatment
Medical Therapy
Surgery
Prevention
References
- ↑ Andrews’ Diseases of the Skin, 10th Edition, Elsevier.
Historical Perspective
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief:
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Overview
Historical Perspective
References
Classification
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief:
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Overview
Classification
References
Pathophysiology
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief:
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Overview
Pathophysiology
References
Causes
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief:
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Overview
The classic clinical syndrome for Pyridoxine deficiency (or B6 deficiency) is a seborrheic dermatitis-like eruption, atrophic glossitis with ulceration, angular cheilitis, conjunctivitis, intertrigo, and neurologic symptoms of somnolence, confusion, and neuropathy.[1] Vitamin B6 is a co-factor for glutamic acid decarboxylase, an enzyme that converts Glutamate to GABA. Therefore, the concurrent increase in the excitatory neurotransmitter, Glutamate, and decrease in inhibitory neurotransmitter, GABA, resultant from B6 deficiency, may manifest itself in the form of seizures.
Causes
- Supporters of a debated medical condition known as Pyroluria believe it may be one potential cause of vitamin B6 deficiency.
- Another cause of vitamin B6 deficiency is the use of the tuberculostatic medication isoniazid, and for this reason, it is recommended to supplement with vitamin B6 when using this drug.
- Grumpiness and irritability are also often symptomatic of a deficiency according to “Body, Mind, and the B Vitamins” by Ruth Adams and Frank Murray.
- A meta-analysis of three databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library), including only double-blind, randomized controlled trials, found that vitamin B6 has a significant effect compared to placebos in treating morning sickness, similar to that of ginger.[2]
References
- ↑ Andrews’ Diseases of the Skin, 10th Edition, Elsevier.
- ↑ Pregnancy Morning Sickness – Ginger as Effective as Vitamin B6 (open) Effectiveness and Safety of Ginger in the Treatment of Pregnancy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting (subscription), Borrelli et al., Obstetrics & Gynecology, 2005;105:849-856
Differentiating Pyridoxine deficiency from other Diseases
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief:
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Overview
Differential Diagnosis
References
Epidemiology and Demographics
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief:
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Overview
Epidemiology and Demographics
References
Risk Factors
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief:
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Overview
Risk Factors
References
Screening
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief:
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Overview
Screening
References
Natural History, Complications and Prognosis
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief:
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Overview
Natural History
Complications
Prognosis
References
Diagnosis
Diagnosis
History and Symptoms | Physical Examination | Laboratory Findings | Electrocardiogram | X Ray | CT | MRI | Echocardiography or Ultrasound | Other Imaging Findings | Other Diagnostic Studies
Treatment
Treatment
Medical Therapy | Surgery | Primary Prevention | Secondary Prevention | Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy | Future or Investigational Therapies
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