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Reliable, easy-to-read patient information on common medical conditions — written in plain language, free of jargon, and grounded in current evidence. Browse the most frequent diagnoses, understand what they mean for everyday life, and learn which steps and questions help you have a focused conversation with your doctor.

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Risk Factors compartment syndrome

Introduction

Overview

Various risk factors are known to be related to CS.

Risk Factors

Totally there can be several risk factors for the occurrence and progression of CS[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9]:

  • Age: Younger patients are more prone to get CS than elderly cases.
  • Gender: Males are ten times more prone to develop CS than females.
  • Type of injury
  • Site of injury
  • Burns to the limb
  • Blunt to the limb
  • Crushing trauma to the limb
  • Excessive exercise or nonroutine physical activity
  • Nonaccidental causes like medical conditions include
  • Nephrotic syndrome
  • Viral myositis
  • Hypothyroidism
  • Bleeding disorders
  • Malignancies
  • Diabetes mellitus

On the other hand in there can be another classification for the risk factor of CS:

The primary risk factors of Acute Compartment Syndrome:

  • A crushing injury to the extremity
  • Wearing too tight, a bandage or cast
  • Participation in any rough or high-impact sport
  • Consumption of anticoagulants, which increases the risk of bleeding within a compartment
  • Individuals with a bleeding disorder, such as hemophilia

The primary risk factors of Chronic (Exertional) Compartment Syndrome:

  • Athletes, younger than 30 years
  • Consumption of anabolic steroids or the supplement creatine
  • Any sport or physical activity that involves repetitive motions, such as running or fast-walking

References

  1. ↑ Godon B, Crielaard JM (February 2005). “[Compartment syndrome and sport traumatology]”. Rev Med Liege (in French). 60 (2): 109–16. PMID 15819374.
  2. ↑ Mars M, Hadley GP (July 1998). “Raised intracompartmental pressure and compartment syndromes”. Injury. 29 (6): 403–11. PMID 9813693.
  3. ↑ Frink M, Hildebrand F, Krettek C, Brand J, Hankemeier S (April 2010). “Compartment syndrome of the lower leg and foot”. Clin. Orthop. Relat. Res. 468 (4): 940–50. doi:10.1007/s11999-009-0891-x. PMC 2835588. PMID 19472025.
  4. ↑ McDonald S, Bearcroft P (June 2010). “Compartment syndromes”. Semin Musculoskelet Radiol. 14 (2): 236–44. doi:10.1055/s-0030-1253164. PMID 20486031.
  5. ↑ Johnston-Walker E, Hardcastle J (2011). “Neurovascular assessment in the critically ill patient”. Nurs Crit Care. 16 (4): 170–7. doi:10.1111/j.1478-5153.2011.00431.x. PMID 21651657.
  6. ↑ Suzuki T, Moirmura N, Kawai K, Sugiyama M (January 2005). “Arterial injury associated with acute compartment syndrome of the thigh following blunt trauma”. Injury. 36 (1): 151–9. doi:10.1016/j.injury.2004.03.022. PMID 15589934.
  7. ↑ Alexander W, Low N, Pratt G (January 2018). “Acute lumbar paraspinal compartment syndrome: a systematic review”. ANZ J Surg. doi:10.1111/ans.14342. PMID 29316189.
  8. ↑ Thati S, Carlson C, Maskill JD, Anderson JG, Bohay DR (June 2008). “Tibial compartment syndrome and the cavovarus foot”. Foot Ankle Clin. 13 (2): 275–305, vii. doi:10.1016/j.fcl.2008.02.001. PMID 18457774.
  9. ↑ Fulkerson E, Razi A, Tejwani N (February 2003). “Review: acute compartment syndrome of the foot”. Foot Ankle Int. 24 (2): 180–7. doi:10.1177/107110070302400214. PMID 12627629.

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Mohammadmain Rezazadehsaatlou[2] ;