Sacrococcygeal teratoma echocardiography or ultrasound

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Mirdula Sharma, MBBS [2]

Overview

Ultrasound is used to diagnose sacrococcygeal teratoma in second trimester. Mature sacrococcygeal teratomas tend to be cystic, showing anechoic component. Immature sacrococcygeal teratomas are much rare and solid type, showing echogenic mass within the pelvis. Echocardiography identifies high output cardiac state preceding hydrops fetalis.

Ultrasound/Echocardiography

Prenatal ultrasound is used in the second trimester.^[1]
Sacrococcygeal teratoma presents as a mass near the distal spine.
Sacrococcygeal teratoma having an external component may appear as a fluid-filled cyst or a solid mass sticking out from the body of the fetus.^[2]
It may also show tumor growth obstructing the bladder outlet and causing hydronephrosis.
Prenatally diagnosed sacrococcygeal teratomas are mostly Altman I or II.
Serial ultrasound evaluation of fetus, placenta and tumor is recommended to follow up on size and solid proportion of the tumor.

References

↑ Wilson RD, Hedrick H, Flake AW, Johnson MP, Bebbington MW, Mann S, Rychik J, Liechty K, Adzick NS (2009). “Sacrococcygeal teratomas: prenatal surveillance, growth and pregnancy outcome”. Fetal. Diagn. Ther. 25 (1): 15–20. doi:10.1159/000188056.
↑ Sacrococcygeal teratoma. Wikipedia (2015) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sacrococcygeal_teratoma#Diagnosis Accessed on December 15th, 2015
↑ Adzick NS (2010). “Open fetal surgery for life-threatening fetal anomalies”. Semin Fetal Neonatal Med. 15 (1): 1–8. doi:10.1016/j.siny.2009.05.003. PMID 19540178.

Overview