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Health Dictionary

Reliable, easy-to-read patient information on common medical conditions — written in plain language, free of jargon, and grounded in current evidence. Browse the most frequent diagnoses, understand what they mean for everyday life, and learn which steps and questions help you have a focused conversation with your doctor.

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Salmonellosis differential diagnosis

Introduction

Overview

Overview

Salmonellosis must be differentiated from other types of infectious diseases that can cause acute inflammatory diarrhea. It is important to consider other underlying pathogens including Shigella, Campylobacter, E.coli, C. difficile, and E. histolytica.[1]

Differentiating Salmonellosis from Other Diseases

Differentiating Salmonellosis from Other Diseases

Salmonellosis should be differentiated from other pathogens that lead to acute inflammatory diarrhea. The table below lists the underlying pathogens known to cause acute inflammatory diarrhea:[1][2]

Pathogen Transmission Clinical Manifestations
Fever Nausea/Vomiting Abdominal Pain Bloody Stool
Salmonella Foodborne transmission, community-acquired ++ + ++ +
Shigella Community-acquired, person-to-person ++ ++ ++ +
Campylobacter Community-acquired, ingestion of undercooked poultry ++ + ++ +
Escherichia coli Foodborne transmission, ingestion of undercooked hamburger meat – + ++ + (EHEC or EIEC), – (ETEC, EAEC, EPEC)
Clostridium difficile Nosocomial spread, antibiotic use + ± + +
Yersinia Community-acquired, foodborne transmission ++ + ++ +
Entamoeba histolytica Travel to or emigration from tropical regions + ± + ±
Aeromonas Ingestion of contaminated water ++ + ++ +
Plesiomonas Ingestion of contaminated water or undercooked shellfish, travel to tropical regions ± ++ + +
References

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Thielman NM, Guerrant RL (2004). “Clinical practice. Acute infectious diarrhea”. N Engl J Med. 350 (1): 38–47. doi:10.1056/NEJMcp031534. PMID 14702426.
  2. ↑ Khan AM, Faruque AS, Hossain MS, Sattar S, Fuchs GJ, Salam MA (2004). “Plesiomonas shigelloides-associated diarrhoea in Bangladeshi children: a hospital-based surveillance study”. J Trop Pediatr. 50 (6): 354–6. doi:10.1093/tropej/50.6.354. PMID 15537721.


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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Jolanta Marszalek, M.D. [2]