Sanders classification system
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Mohammadmain Rezazadehsaatlou[2].
Synonyms and Keywords: Heel Bone Fracture
Sanders classification system for the Calcaneal fracture
Sanders classification system for the Calcaneal fracture
The Sanders classification is used for the intraarticular calcaneal fractures evaluations affecting the posterior facet of the calcaneus[1][2].
This Sanders classification is based on the number and location of the intraarticular fractures using the semicoronal CT images as follow[3][4]:
| Description | Detail | Image | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Type 1 | No-displaced | ||
| Type 2 | Two part fracture | A- Lateral third |  |
| B- Central third |  | ||
| C- Medial Third |  | ||
| Type 3 | Three part fracture | AB- Involvement of the lateral and central apsects of the posterior facet of the calcaneus, |  |
| AC- Involvement of the lateral and medial apsects of the posterior facet of the calcaneus. |  | ||
| BC- Involvement of the central and medial apsects of the posterior facet of the calcaneus |  | ||
| Type 4 | more than three part fracture (four or more fragments) |
References
References
External links
External links
- Template:GPnotebook
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- http://www.med.wayne.edu/diagRadiology/TF/MS/MS18.html
- http://www.wheelessonline.com/ortho/Gamekeepers_thumb
Template:Fractures Template:WikiDoc Sources
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Piovesana LG, Lopes HC, Pacca DM, Ninomiya AF, Dinato MC, Pagnano RG (2016). “ASSESSMENT OF REPRODUCIBILITY OF SANDERS CLASSIFICATION FOR CALCANEAL FRACTURES”. Acta Ortop Bras. 24 (2): 90–3. doi:10.1590/1413-785220162402154682. PMC 4775497. PMID 26981043.
- ↑ Lauder AJ, Inda DJ, Bott AM, Clare MP, Fitzgibbons TC, Mormino MA (April 2006). “Interobserver and intraobserver reliability of two classification systems for intra-articular calcaneal fractures”. Foot Ankle Int. 27 (4): 251–5. doi:10.1177/107110070602700405. PMID 16624214.
- ↑ Sayed-Noor AS, Agren PH, Wretenberg P (September 2011). “Interobserver reliability and intraobserver reproducibility of three radiological classification systems for intra-articular calcaneal fractures”. Foot Ankle Int. 32 (9): 861–6. doi:10.3113/FAI.2011.0861. PMID 22097161.
- ↑ Veltman ES, van den Bekerom MP, Doornberg JN, Verbeek DO, Rammelt S, Steller EP, Schepers T (July 2014). “Three-dimensional computed tomography is not indicated for the classification and characterization of calcaneal fractures”. Injury. 45 (7): 1117–20. doi:10.1016/j.injury.2014.01.022. PMID 24530220.
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