
Health Dictionary
Reliable, easy-to-read patient information on common medical conditions — written in plain language, free of jargon, and grounded in current evidence. Browse the most frequent diagnoses, understand what they mean for everyday life, and learn which steps and questions help you have a focused conversation with your doctor.
Secondary adrenal insufficiency historical perspective
Introduction
Overview
Overview
Suprarenal glands were discovered by Eustachius in 1563 and were named as Glandulae renis incumbentes. 35th USA President John F. Kennedy had primary Adrenal insufficiency (Addison’s disease).
Historical Perspective
Historical Perspective
- Suprarenal glands were discovered by Eustachius in 1563 and were named as Glandulae renis incumbentes.[1]
- Primary adrenal insufficiency was first discovered by Thomas Addison, an English physician, and scientist, when he described adrenocortical atrophy in 1849 on the autopsy of the adrenal glands of patients, some of which had vitiligo.[2]
- In 1926, Schmidt was the first to discover the association between adrenalitis and thyroiditis, called Schmidt’s syndrome, which was expanded by Carpenter in 1964 to include type 1 diabetes mellitus.
- In 1956, Whittaker found an association between hypo-adrenocortolism, hypothyroidism, and candidiasis.[3]
- In 1997, AIRE gene mutations were first implicated in the pathogenesis of APS (autoimmune polyglandular syndrome).
Famous Cases
Famous Cases
- 35th USA President John F. Kennedy had primary adrenal insufficiency (Addison’s disease).
References
References
- ↑ Loriaux, D Lynn (2007). “Bartolomeo Eustachi (Eustachius) (1520???1574)”. The Endocrinologist. 17 (4): 195. doi:10.1097/TEN.0b013e318141f6f4. ISSN 1051-2144.
- ↑ Pearce JM (2004). “Thomas Addison (1793-1860)”. J R Soc Med. 97 (6): 297–300. PMC 1079500. PMID 15173338.
- ↑ “Endocrinology – E-Book: Adult and Pediatric – J. Larry Jameson, Leslie J. De Groot – Google Books”.
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Amandeep Singh M.D.[2]
