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Reliable, easy-to-read patient information on common medical conditions — written in plain language, free of jargon, and grounded in current evidence. Browse the most frequent diagnoses, understand what they mean for everyday life, and learn which steps and questions help you have a focused conversation with your doctor.

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Squamous cell carcinoma of the lung echocardiography or ultrasound

Introduction

Overview

Overview

On endobronchial and endoscopic ultrasound, characteristic findings of squamous cell carcinoma of the lung, include: enlarged lymph nodes and local invasion to adjacent bronchial structures and mediastinum. Endobronchial ultrasound is a first-line diagnostic modality for mediastinal staging.

Ultrasound

Ultrasound

  • Endobronchial ultrasound is a first-line diagnostic modality for mediastinal staging.[1]
  • Common features of endobronchial ultrasound, include: [2]
  • Evaluation of lymph nodes and other structures in the mediastinum
  • Mediastinum invasion staging
  • Determination of management strategy
  • Real time evaluation of structures
  • Sensitivity 90% and specificity of 97%
  • On ultrasound (endobronchial ultrasound), characteristic findings of squamous cell carcinoma of the lung, include: [3][4][5]
  • The table below summarizes the advantages and disadvantages of both ultrasound modalities, for the diagnostic assessment of non-small cell lung cancer.[6][7][8][9]
Procedure Advantages Disadvantages
Endobronchial ultrasound (EBUS)
  • Direct visualization of lymph node stations.
  • Complements endoscopic ultrasound: covers lymph node stations 2R and 4R which are difficult to access by endoscopic ultrasound
  • Lower false-negative rate than with blind transbronchial fine needle aspiration and fewer complications
Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)
Gallery
  • Doppler endoscopic ultrasound: mediastinal lymph node via, en.wikipedia.org[10]
    Doppler endoscopic ultrasound: mediastinal lymph node via, en.wikipedia.org[10]
  • Endoscopic ultrasound: A biopsy window is found and an fine needle aspiration advanced into the massvia, en.wikipedia.org[11]
    Endoscopic ultrasound: A biopsy window is found and an fine needle aspiration advanced into the massvia, en.wikipedia.org[11]
  • Endoscopic ultrasound: A lung mass which is partially behind the aorta is seen with endoscopic ultrasound, via Wikimedia Commons[12]
    Endoscopic ultrasound: A lung mass which is partially behind the aorta is seen with endoscopic ultrasound, via Wikimedia Commons[12]
References

References

  1. ↑ Kinsey CM, Arenberg DA (2014). “Endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration for non-small cell lung cancer staging”. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 189 (6): 640–9. doi:10.1164/rccm.201311-2007CI. PMID 24484269.
  2. ↑ Tests for non-small cell lung cancer. American Cancer Society. http://www.cancer.org/cancer/lungcancer-non-smallcell/detailedguide/non-small-cell-lung-cancer-diagnosis Accessed on February 25, 2016
  3. ↑ Micames CG, McCrory DC, Pavey DA, Jowell PS, Gress FG (February 2007). “Endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration for non-small cell lung cancer staging: A systematic review and metaanalysis”. Chest. 131 (2): 539–48. doi:10.1378/chest.06-1437. PMID 17296659.
  4. ↑ Kim ES, Bosquée L (June 2007). “The importance of accurate lymph node staging in early and locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer: an update on available techniques”. J Thorac Oncol. 2 Suppl 2: S59–67. doi:10.1097/01.JTO.0000269738.13586.fd. PMID 17589301.
  5. ↑ Wiersema M et al. Real-time endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration of a mediastinal lymph node. Gastrointest Endosc 1993, 39(3):429-431
  6. ↑ Wallace MB, Pascual JM, Raimondo M, et al. (February 2008). “Minimally invasive endoscopic staging of suspected lung cancer”. JAMA. 299 (5): 540–6. doi:10.1001/jama.299.5.540. PMID 18252884.
  7. ↑ Singh P et al. Endoscopic ultrasound as a first test for diagnosis and staging of lung cancer: a prospective study. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2007, 175(4):345-354.
  8. ↑ Cerfolio R, Bryant A, Ojha B: Restaging patients with N2 (stage IIIa) non-small cell lung cancer after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy: a prospective study. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2006, 131(6):1229-1235
  9. ↑ Yasufuku K et al. Endobronchial ultrasonography: current status and future directions. J Thorac Oncol 2007, 2(10):970-979.
  10. ↑ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Eus_doppler_mediastinal_lymph_node.JPG#file
  11. ↑ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Lul_mass_linear_eus_1.jpg
  12. ↑ href=”https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User:Ktg_usa” class=”extiw” title=”en:User:Ktg usa”>Ktg usa</a> at the <a href=”https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/” class=”extiw” title=”en:”>English language Wikipedia</a> [<a href=”http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.html“>GFDL</a> or <a href=”http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/“>CC-BY-SA-3.0</a>], <a href=”https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File%3ALul_mass_radial_eus.jpg“>


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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Maria Fernanda Villarreal, M.D. [2]