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Reliable, easy-to-read patient information on common medical conditions β€” written in plain language, free of jargon, and grounded in current evidence. Browse the most frequent diagnoses, understand what they mean for everyday life, and learn which steps and questions help you have a focused conversation with your doctor.

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Subarachnoid hemorrhage epidemiology and demographics

Introduction

Overview

Overview

The incidence of subarachnoid hemorrhage was estimated 10.5 per 100 000 person annually.[1] Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) usually occurs at a relatively young age. the incidence of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) increases with age and commonly affects adults τ°β‰₯50 years of age.[2] females are slightly more affected with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage|subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) than men (1.24 times higher than in men).[2][3]

Epidemiology and demographics

Epidemiology and demographics

Incidence

  • The incidence of subarachnoid hemorrhage was estimated 10.5 per 100 000 person annually.[1]

Age

  • Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) usually occurs at a relatively young age
  • The incidence of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) increases with age and commonly affects adults τ°β‰₯50 years of age.[2]
  • The mean age of perimesencephalic nonaneurysmal Subarachnoid hemorrhage|subarachnoid hemorrhage (PM-NASAH) occurrence was reported between 50 and 55 years.[4]

Gender

  • Women are slightly more affected with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage|subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) than men (1.24 times higher than in men).[2][5]
  • Unlike aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), the incidence of perimesencephalic nonaneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (PM-NASAH) does not vary by gender.[4]

Race

  • The incidence of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH is higher in Blacks and Hispanics compere to white Americans.[6]

Geographic region

  • In the United States, the incidence of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) is 10 to 15 cases per 100,000 population.[7]
  • In China, the incidence of aneurysmal aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is 2 cases per 100,000 population.[8]
  • In South and Central America, the incidence of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) is 4 cases per 100,000 population.[9]
  • In Finland and Japan, the incidence of aneurysmal aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is 19 to 23 cases per 100,000 population. [10]

Case fatality rate

  • An average case fatality rate of subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) was estimated to be 50,000 cases per 100,000 individuals.[11][12]
    • 10,000 cases per 100,000 individuals die prior reaching the hospital
    • 25,000 cases per 100,000 individuals die within 24 hours of SAH
    • 45,000 cases per 100,000 individuals die within 30 days of SAH
References

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 van Gijn J, Rinkel GJ (2001). “Subarachnoid haemorrhage: diagnosis, causes and management”. Brain. 124 (Pt 2): 249–78. PMIDΒ 11157554.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 Rinkel GJ, Djibuti M, Algra A, van Gijn J (1998). “Prevalence and risk of rupture of intracranial aneurysms: a systematic review”. Stroke. 29 (1): 251–6. PMIDΒ 9445359.
  3. ↑ de Rooij NK, Linn FH, van der Plas JA, Algra A, Rinkel GJ. Incidence of subarachnoid haemorrhage: a systematic review with emphasis on region, age, gender and time trends. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2007;78:1365–1372.
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Flaherty ML, Haverbusch M, Kissela B, Kleindorfer D, Schneider A, Sekar P; et al. (2005). “Perimesencephalic subarachnoid hemorrhage: incidence, risk factors, and outcome”. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis. 14 (6): 267–71. doi:10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2005.07.004. PMCΒ 1388255. PMIDΒ 16518463.
  5. ↑ de Rooij NK, Linn FH, van der Plas JA, Algra A, Rinkel GJ. Incidence of subarachnoid haemorrhage: a systematic review with emphasis on region, age, gender and time trends. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2007;78:1365–1372.
  6. ↑ Broderick JP, Brott T, Tomsick T, Huster G, Miller R (1992). “The risk of subarachnoid and intracerebral hemorrhages in blacks as compared with whites”. N Engl J Med. 326 (11): 733–6. doi:10.1056/NEJM199203123261103. PMIDΒ 1738378.
  7. ↑ Shea AM, Reed SD, Curtis LH, Alexander MJ, Villani JJ, Schulman KA (2007). “Characteristics of nontraumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage in the United States in 2003”. Neurosurgery. 61 (6): 1131–7, discussion 1137-8. doi:10.1227/01.neu.0000306090.30517.ae. PMIDΒ 18162891.
  8. ↑ Ingall T, Asplund K, Mahonen M, Bonita R. A multinational com- parison of subarachnoid hemorrhage epidemiology in the WHO MONICA stroke study. Stroke. 2000;31:1054 –1061.
  9. ↑ de Rooij NK, Linn FH, van der Plas JA, Algra A, Rinkel GJ (2007). “Incidence of subarachnoid haemorrhage: a systematic review with emphasis on region, age, gender and time trends”. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 78 (12): 1365–72. doi:10.1136/jnnp.2007.117655. PMCΒ 2095631. PMIDΒ 17470467.
  10. ↑ Ingall T, Asplund K, MΓ€hΓΆnen M, Bonita R (2000). “A multinational comparison of subarachnoid hemorrhage epidemiology in the WHO MONICA stroke study”. Stroke. 31 (5): 1054–61. PMIDΒ 10797165.
  11. ↑ Hop JW, Rinkel GJ, Algra A, van Gijn J (1997). “Case-fatality rates and functional outcome after subarachnoid hemorrhage: a systematic review”. Stroke. 28 (3): 660–4. PMIDΒ 9056628.
  12. ↑ Broderick JP, Brott TG, Duldner JE, Tomsick T, Leach A (1994). “Initial and recurrent bleeding are the major causes of death following subarachnoid hemorrhage”. Stroke. 25 (7): 1342–7. PMIDΒ 8023347.

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Sara Mehrsefat, M.D. [2]