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Reliable, easy-to-read patient information on common medical conditions — written in plain language, free of jargon, and grounded in current evidence. Browse the most frequent diagnoses, understand what they mean for everyday life, and learn which steps and questions help you have a focused conversation with your doctor.

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TRPV6

Introduction

TRPV6 is a membrane calcium channel which is particularly involved in the first step in calcium absorption in the intestine.

Nomenclature

Nomenclature

When first discovered it was named CAT1,[1] or ECaC2.[2] The name TRPV6 was confirmed in 2005.[3]

TRPV6 is a member of the transient receptor potential (TRP) family of membrane proteins. Unlike most TRP channels, TRPV6 is selective for Ca2+ ions, a property shared with its close homologue, TRPV5, which is mainly expressed in the kidney and plays a role in renal Ca2+ reabsorption.[4]

Expression

Expression

TRPV6 expression has been described in the intestine in several species, including humans.[5] The protein is located in the apical brush-border membrane of the intestinal enterocyte where it regulates calcium entry into the cell. It is most abundant in the proximal small intestine (duodenum and jejunum), along with the other calcium transport proteins, calbindin and the calcium-pumping ATPase, PMCA1. The TRPV6 calcium transporter also found in the human placenta, pancreas and prostate gland and in some species in the kidney, where the related channel TRPV5 is strongly expressed.

Regulation of expression

Regulation of expression

Vitamin D

Expression of TRPV6 is vitamin D dependent in mice and humans. Its expression was greatly reduced in animals that do not express the vitamin D receptor.[6]

Vitamin D treatment of human colon cancer cells, Caco-2, increased expression of TRPV6 transcripts, and also stimulated the transport of calcium, probably through increased TRPV6 expression.[7] In human duodenal explants, TRPV6 transcript expression was increased 3-fold after 6h incubation with the active form of vitamin D, 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol.[8]

See also

See also

References

References

  1. ↑ Peng JB, Chen XZ, Berger UV, Vassilev PM, Tsukaguchi H, Brown EM, Hediger MA (August 1999). “Molecular cloning and characterization of a channel-like transporter mediating intestinal calcium absorption”. J. Biol. Chem. 274 (32): 22739–46. doi:10.1074/jbc.274.32.22739. PMID 10428857.
  2. ↑ Weber K, Erben RG, Rump A, Adamski J (December 2001). “Gene structure and regulation of the murine epithelial calcium channels ECaC1 and 2”. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 289 (5): 1287–94. doi:10.1006/bbrc.2001.6121. PMID 11741335.
  3. ↑ Clapham DE, Julius D, Montell C, Schultz G (December 2005). “International Union of Pharmacology. XLIX. Nomenclature and structure-function relationships of transient receptor potential channels”. Pharmacol. Rev. 57 (4): 427–50. doi:10.1124/pr.57.4.6. PMID 16382100.
  4. ↑ Peng JB, Brown EM, Hediger MA (September 2003). “Epithelial Ca2+ entry channels: transcellular Ca2+ transport and beyond”. J. Physiol. 551 (Pt 3): 729–40. doi:10.1113/jphysiol.2003.043349. PMC 2343303. PMID 12869611.
  5. ↑ Barley NF, Howard A, O’Callaghan D, Legon S, Walters JR (February 2001). “Epithelial calcium transporter expression in human duodenum”. Am. J. Physiol. Gastrointest. Liver Physiol. 280 (2): G285–90. PMID 11208552.
  6. ↑ Van Cromphaut SJ, Dewerchin M, Hoenderop JG, Stockmans I, Van Herck E, Kato S, Bindels RJ, Collen D, Carmeliet P, Bouillon R, Carmeliet G (November 2001). “Duodenal calcium absorption in vitamin D receptor-knockout mice: functional and molecular aspects”. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 98 (23): 13324–9. doi:10.1073/pnas.231474698. PMC 60869. PMID 11687634.
  7. ↑ Taparia S, Fleet JC, Peng JB, Wang XD, Wood RJ (June 2006). “1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D and 25-hydroxyvitamin D–mediated regulation of TRPV6 (a putative epithelial calcium channel) mRNA expression in Caco-2 cells”. Eur J Nutr. 45 (4): 196–204. doi:10.1007/s00394-005-0586-3. PMID 16362534.
  8. ↑ Balesaria S, Sangha S, Walters JR (December 2009). “Human duodenum responses to vitamin D metabolites of TRPV6 and other genes involved in calcium absorption”. Am. J. Physiol. Gastrointest. Liver Physiol. 297 (6): G1193–7. doi:10.1152/ajpgi.00237.2009. PMC 2850091. PMID 19779013.
Further reading

Further reading

  • Heiner I, Eisfeld J, Lückhoff A (2004). “Role and regulation of TRP channels in neutrophil granulocytes”. Cell Calcium. 33 (5–6): 533–40. doi:10.1016/S0143-4160(03)00058-7. PMID 12765698.
  • Clapham DE, Julius D, Montell C, Schultz G (2006). “International Union of Pharmacology. XLIX. Nomenclature and structure-function relationships of transient receptor potential channels”. Pharmacol. Rev. 57 (4): 427–50. doi:10.1124/pr.57.4.6. PMID 16382100.
  • Wissenbach U, Niemeyer BA (2007). “TRPV6”. Handb Exp Pharmacol. Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology. 179 (179): 221–34. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-34891-7_13. ISBN 978-3-540-34889-4. PMID 17217060.
  • Schoeber JP, Hoenderop JG, Bindels RJ (2007). “Concerted action of associated proteins in the regulation of TRPV5 and TRPV6”. Biochem. Soc. Trans. 35 (Pt 1): 115–9. doi:10.1042/BST0350115. PMID 17233615.
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