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Health Dictionary

Reliable, easy-to-read patient information on common medical conditions — written in plain language, free of jargon, and grounded in current evidence. Browse the most frequent diagnoses, understand what they mean for everyday life, and learn which steps and questions help you have a focused conversation with your doctor.

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Thyroid adenoma medical therapy

Introduction

Overview

Overview

The mainstay of therapy for thyroid adenoma is regular monitoring and supportive therapy.

Medical Therapy

Medical Therapy

Management

  • Most patients with thyroid adenoma can be managed by watchful waiting with regular monitoring.[1]
  • According to American Thyroid Association guidelines, no further investigations are required for non-palpable nodules smaller than 1 cm with no clinical features and diagnosed by imaging.
  • Regular follow-up with thorough physical examination and ultrasound is recommended to check for regrowth.
  • Biopsy is recommended 6-12 months after diagnosis.
  • Beta blockers are used to treat symptoms in toxic patients.
  • Thyroxine supression therapy for benign thyroid adenoma has been recommended.
  • Injection of ethanol is sometimes used to shrink the tumor.[2]
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Thyroid nodule
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Malignant
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Benign
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Radioiodine therapy
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Hyrperthyroidism evaluation
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Hyperthyroidism
 
Euthyroid
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Antithyroid drugs
 
No medical treatment required
Monitor nodule
 
 
 
 
References

References

  1. ↑ Treatment section in: Welker, M.; Orlov, D. (2003). “Thyroid nodules”. American family physician. 67 (3): 559–566. PMID 12588078. [1]
  2. ↑ Haugen BR, Alexander EK, Bible KC, Doherty GM, Mandel SJ, Nikiforov YE; et al. (2016). “2015 American Thyroid Association Management Guidelines for Adult Patients with Thyroid Nodules and Differentiated Thyroid Cancer: The American Thyroid Association Guidelines Task Force on Thyroid Nodules and Differentiated Thyroid Cancer”. Thyroid. 26 (1): 1–133. doi:10.1089/thy.2015.0020. PMC 4739132. PMID 26462967.